0000851310-21-000012 | 10-K | XBRL Viewer

Selling, general and administrative

^[1]

$ 378,831

$ 402,874

$ 403,558

Total cost of revenue

183,834

179,862

194,349

Total gross profit

194,997

223,012

209,209

Operating expenses:

Research and development

82,494

84,614

89,163

119,611

119,035

118,952

Amortization of intangibles

3,019

3,139

3,187

Restructuring and related charges

2,322

3,141

2,918

Total operating expenses

207,446

209,929

214,220

Income (loss) from operations

(12,449)

13,083

(5,011)

Interest expense, net

(11,509)

(11,651)

(11,401)

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

(1,362)

(5,695)

Other expense, net

(897)

(2,333)

(536)

Loss before income taxes

(26,217)

(6,596)

(16,948)

3,054

(672)

4,087

Net loss

$ (29,271)

$ (5,924)

$ (21,035)

Net loss per share:

Basic and diluted

$ (0.30)

$ (0.07)

$ (0.25)

Shares used in per share calculations:

Basic and diluted

96,971

89,575

85,615

Appliance & Integration [Member]

$ 252,014

$ 275,797

$ 287,564

Total cost of revenue

126,948

130,284

148,472

SaaS and service

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

126,817

127,077

115,994

Total cost of revenue

$ 56,886

$ 49,578

$ 45,877

[1]	Revenue is attributed to countries based on the location of the customer.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Statement [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (29,271)	$ (5,924)	$ (21,035)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Adjustment to pension benefit plan	(159)	(206)	202
Translation gain (loss)	8,279	(1,437)	(4,433)
Loss reclassified into earnings	0	56	11
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Foreign Currency Transaction and Translation Adjustment, before Tax, Total	8,279	(1,381)	(4,422)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax	8,120	(1,587)	(4,220)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	(801)	262	378
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	8,921	(1,849)	(4,598)
Total comprehensive loss	$ (20,350)	$ (7,773)	$ (25,633)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Previously Reported	Revision of Prior Period, Accounting Standards Update, Adjustment	Common Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Previously Reported	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member] Previously Reported	Accumulated Deficit [Member]	Accumulated Deficit [Member] Previously Reported	Accumulated Deficit [Member] Revision of Prior Period, Accounting Standards Update, Adjustment	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member] Previously Reported	Convertible Note due 2020 [Member]	Convertible Note due 2020 [Member] Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Conversion Note 2022 [Member]	Conversion Note 2022 [Member] Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Convertible Note due 2024 [Member]	Convertible Note due 2024 [Member] Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]
Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2017				82,554	82,554
Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2018				87,057	87,057
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 229,774	$ 218,343	$ 11,431	$ 83	$ 83	$ 2,272,690	$ 2,272,690	$ (2,046,381)	$ (2,057,812)	$ 11,431	$ 3,382	$ 3,382
Net loss	(21,035)							(21,035)
Other Comprehensive income or loss, net of tax	(4,598)										(4,598)
Issuance of Common Stock under option, stock award and purchase plans	4,717			$ 4		4,713
Issuance of Common Stock under option, stock award and purchase plans, Shares				4,503
Stock-based compensation	17,097					17,097
Issuance of warrant	2,295					2,295
Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	229,650	$ 228,250	$ 1,400	$ 87	$ 87	2,296,795	$ 2,296,795	(2,066,016)	$ (2,067,416)	$ 1,400	(1,216)	$ (1,216)
Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2019				91,875
Net loss	(5,924)							(5,924)
Other Comprehensive income or loss, net of tax	(1,849)										(1,849)
Issuance of Common Stock under option, stock award and purchase plans	6,914			$ 4		6,910
Issuance of Common Stock under option, stock award and purchase plans, Shares				4,014
Stock-based compensation	12,156					12,156
Issuance of warrant	16,142					16,142
Exercise of warrants				804
Exercise of warrant, Amount				$ 1
Adjustments to Additional Paid in Capital - Exercise of Warrants	0					(1)
Adjustments to APIC - Reclassification from Equity to Mezzanine equity													$ (2,410)	$ (2,410)
Portion of repurchase price recorded in additional paid-in capital in connection with partial repurchase of 2020 Notes													(27,111)	(27,111)
Conversion feature of 2024 Notes																	$ 24,878	$ 24,878
Balance at Dec. 31, 2019	252,446			$ 92		2,327,359		(2,071,940)			(3,065)
Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2020				98,204
Net loss	(29,271)							(29,271)
Other Comprehensive income or loss, net of tax	8,921
Issuance of Common Stock under option, stock award and purchase plans	3,810			$ 3		3,807
Issuance of Common Stock under option, stock award and purchase plans, Shares				3,822
Stock-based compensation	18,034					18,034
Issuance of warrant	0
Exercise of warrants				2,413
Exercise of warrant, Amount				$ 2
Adjustments to Additional Paid in Capital - Exercise of Warrants	0					(2)
Adjustment to APIC - Reclassification from Mezzanine Equity to Equity													$ 2,410	$ 2,410
Portion of repurchase price recorded in additional paid-in capital in connection with partial repurchase of 2020 Notes															$ (6,909)	$ (6,909)
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Conversion of Convertible Securities	607			$ 1		606
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Conversion of Convertible Securities				94
Conversion feature of 2024 Notes															$ 8,254	$ 8,254
Balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 258,302			$ 98		$ 2,353,559		$ (2,101,211)			$ 5,856

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (29,271)	$ (5,924)	$ (21,035)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation	11,737	11,287	12,971
Amortization of intangibles	3,970	8,319	8,367
Stock-based compensation	18,040	12,074	17,289
Amortization of discount on convertible and other debt	7,058	6,756	6,060
Amortization of warrant	1,746	13,576	1,178
Foreign currency adjustments	6,391	(290)	(1,906)
Loss on convertible debt extinguishment	1,362	5,695	0
Deferred income taxes, net	(105)	(2,076)	661
Provision for doubtful accounts and returns	1,666	1,500	2,521
Provision for excess and obsolete inventories	1,847	1,479	1,649
Other non-cash adjustments, net	409	1,349	1,898
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	21,186	(8,388)	(14,700)
Inventories	(8,195)	(4,819)	(2,045)
Other assets	11,556	(3,347)	3,227
Accounts payable	(18,173)	5,086	1,018
Deferred revenues	19,751	(3,436)	(4,808)
Other liabilities	(11,812)	(7,546)	(61)
Net cash provided by operating activities	39,163	31,295	12,284
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sales of investments	0	0	104
Purchases of property and equipment	(32,205)	(10,328)	(7,044)
Net cash used in investing activities	(32,205)	(10,328)	(6,940)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from convertible debt	0	115,500	0
Payments of convertible debt	(7,999)	(109,603)	0
Payment of convertible debt issuance costs	(672)	(4,277)	0
Proceeds from other debts	9,398	4,684	5,066
Repayment of other debts and finance leases	(6,646)	(6,913)	(7,132)
Proceeds from common stock issued to employees	5,472	8,406	4,947
Payment of tax withholding obligations related to net share settlements of restricted stock units	(1,662)	(1,492)	(230)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(2,109)	6,305	2,651
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	738	(203)	(763)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	5,587	27,069	7,232
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the year	93,058	65,989	58,757
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the year	98,645	93,058	65,989
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Income tax payments (refunds), net	(17)	1,138	2,031
Interest payments, net	4,221	4,260	5,273
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Capital expenditures incurred but not yet paid	1,155	2,055	148
Fair value of warrants issued	0	16,142	2,295
Convertible Notes 2022 [Member]
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Fair value of 2022 Notes used to settle 2020 Notes	$ 44,357	$ 0	$ 0

Description of Business	12 Months Ended
Description of Business	Dec. 31, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Description of Business	DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS Harmonic Inc. (“Harmonic” or the “Company”), the worldwide leader in visualized cable access and video delivery solutions, enables media companies and service providers to deliver ultra-high-quality video streaming and broadcast services to consumers globally. The Company revolutionized cable access networking via the industry’s first virtualized cable access solution, enabling cable operators to more flexibly deploy gigabit internet service to consumer’s homes and mobile devices. Whether simplifying video delivery via innovative cloud and software platforms, or powering the delivery of gigabit internet cable services, Harmonic is changing the way media companies and service providers monetize live and on-demand content on every screen. The Company operates in two segments, Video and Cable Access. The Video business sells video processing and production and playout solutions and services worldwide to cable operators and satellite and telecommunications (“telco”) pay-TV service providers, which are collectively referred to as “service providers,” and to broadcast and media companies, including streaming media companies. The Video business infrastructure solutions are delivered either through shipment of our products, software licenses or as software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) subscriptions. The Cable Access business sells cable access solutions and related services, including our CableOS software-based cable access solution, primarily to cable operators globally.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Harmonic include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company’s fiscal quarters are based on 13-week periods, except for the fourth quarter which ends on December 31. Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s reported financial positions or results of operations may be materially different under changed conditions or when using different estimates and assumptions, particularly with respect to significant accounting policies. If estimates or assumptions differ from actual results, subsequent periods are adjusted to reflect more current information. Reclassifications Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications did not have a material impact on previously reported financial statements. Beginning in fiscal 2019, the Company changed the classification of total revenue and cost of revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations from the two previous categories, “Product” and “Service,” to two new categories, “Appliance and integration” and “SaaS and service.” The Company has also adjusted revenue and cost of revenue retrospectively into the two new categories for all prior periods to conform to the current period’s presentation. This reclassification within revenue and cost of revenue did not have an impact on total revenue, cost of revenue or segment revenue for any periods presented. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include all cash and highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments. Investments in Equity Securities From time to time, the Company may acquire certain equity investments for the promotion of business and strategic objectives and these investments may be in marketable equity securities or non-marketable equity securities. The Company accounts for its equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. For equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values, the Company measures these investments at cost minus impairment, if any. The Company’s total investments in equity securities of privately held companies were $3.6 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company’s equity investments are classified as long-term investments and reported as a component of “Other non-current assets” on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Credit Risk and Major Customers/Supplier Concentration Financial instruments which subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, and accounts receivable. Cash and cash equivalents are invested in short-term, highly liquid, investment-grade obligations of commercial or governmental issuers, in accordance with the Company’s investment policy. The investment policy limits the amount of credit exposure to any one financial institution, commercial or governmental issuer. The Company’s accounts receivable are derived from sales to worldwide cable, satellite, telco, and broadcast and media companies. The Company generally does not require collateral from its customers, and performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and provides for expected losses. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon the expected collectability of its accounts receivable. One customer had a balance greater than 10% of the Company’s net accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, Comcast is the only customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenue. Certain of the components and subassemblies included in the Company’s products are obtained from a single source or a limited group of suppliers. Although the Company seeks to reduce dependence on those sole source and limited source suppliers, the partial or complete loss of certain of these sources could have at least a temporary adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and damage customer relationships. Revenue Recognition The Company’s principal sources of revenue are from the sale of hardware, software, hardware and software maintenance contracts, and end-to-end solutions, encompassing design, manufacture, test, integration and installation of products. The Company also derives recurring revenue from subscriptions, which are comprised of subscription fees from customers utilizing the Company’s cloud-based video processing solutions. Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using the following five steps: a) Identify the contract(s) with a customer; b) Identify the performance obligations in the contract; c) Determine the transaction price; d) Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and e) Recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. A contract contains a promise (or promises) to transfer goods or services to a customer. A performance obligation is a promise (or a group of promises) that is distinct. The transaction price is the amount of consideration a Company expects to be entitled to from a customer in exchange for providing the goods or services. The unit of account for revenue recognition is a performance obligation. A contract may contain one or more performance obligations, including hardware, software, professional services and support and maintenance. Performance obligations are accounted for separately if they are distinct. A good or service is distinct if the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer, and the good or service is distinct in the context of the contract. Otherwise performance obligations will be combined with other promised goods or services until the Company identifies a bundle of goods or services that is distinct. The transaction price is allocated to all the separate performance obligations in an arrangement. It reflects the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring goods or services, which may include an estimate of variable consideration to the extent that it is probable of not being subject to significant reversals in the future based on the Company’s experience with similar arrangements. The transaction price also reflects the impact of the time value of money if there is a significant financing component present in an arrangement. The transaction price excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties, such as sales taxes. Revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies each performance obligation by transferring control of the promised goods or services to the customer. Goods or services can transfer at a point in time or over time depending on the nature of the arrangement. Refer to Note 3, “Revenue,” for additional information. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (determined on first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value. The cost of inventories is comprised of material and manufacturing labor and overheads. The Company establishes provisions for excess and obsolete inventories to reduce such inventories to their estimated net realizable value after evaluation of historical sales, future demand and market conditions, expected product life cycles and current inventory levels. Such provisions are charged to cost of revenue in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Capitalized Software Development Costs Internal-use software. The Company capitalizes costs associated with internally developed and/or purchased software systems for internal use that have reached the application development stage. Capitalized costs include external direct costs of materials and services utilized in developing or obtaining internal-use software and payroll and payroll-related expenses for employees who are directly associated with and devote time to the internal-use software project. Capitalization of such costs begins when the preliminary project stage is complete and ceases no later than the point at which the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended purpose. These capitalized costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life, generally three years. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company capitalized $2.3 million, $1.1 million and $0.9 million, respectively, of its software development costs related to the development of its SaaS offerings. Capitalized Software Implementation Costs In a hosting arrangement that is a service contract, the Company capitalizes costs for implementation activities in the application development stage depending on the nature of the costs. The costs incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages are expensed as the activities are performed. The costs capitalized are expensed over the term of the hosting arrangement, which is the fixed, non-cancelable term of the arrangement, plus any reasonably certain renewal periods. The capitalized implementation costs are included in “Other non-current assets” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the amortization expense related to these costs are primarily included in “Selling, general and administrative” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The payments for capitalized implementation costs are included as operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. During the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2018, the capitalized software implementation costs were immaterial. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company capitalized $3.6 million of its software implementation costs. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives are generally, five years for furniture and fixtures, three years for software and four years for machinery and equipment. Depreciation for leasehold improvements are computed using the shorter of the remaining useful lives of the assets or the lease term of the respective assets. Goodwill As of December 31, 2020, the Company had goodwill of $243.7 million which represents the difference between the purchase price and the estimated fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company tests for goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset is more likely than not impaired. The Company has two reporting units, which are the same as its operating segments. On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) using the prospective approach. The ASU eliminates step two from the goodwill impairment test. Under ASU No. 2017-04, the Company will recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value up to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. There was no impairment of goodwill resulting from the Company’s fiscal 2020 annual impairment testing. Refer to Note 7, “Goodwill,” for additional information. Long-lived Assets Long-lived assets represent property and equipment and purchased intangible assets. Purchased intangible assets from business combinations and asset acquisitions include customer contracts, trademarks and trade names, and maintenance agreements and related relationships, the amortization of which is charged to general and administrative expenses, and core technology and developed technology, the amortization of which is charged to cost of revenue. The Company evaluates the recoverability of intangible assets and other long-lived assets when indicators of impairment are present. When impairment indicators are present, the Company evaluates the recoverability of intangible assets and other long-lived assets on the basis of undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of each asset group and its eventual disposition. If the undiscounted expected future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized in order to write down the carrying value of the asset to its estimated fair market value. There were no impairment charges for long-lived assets in the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. Leases On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842, Leases (“Topic 842”), using the modified retrospective method, applying Topic 842 to all leases existing at the date of initial application. The Company elected to use the effective date as the date of initial application. Consequently, prior period balances and disclosures have not been restated. The Company elected certain practical expedients, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward prior conclusions about lease identification and classification. Under Topic 842, operating lease expense is generally recognized evenly over the term of the lease. The Company has operating leases primarily consisting of facilities with remaining lease terms of 1 year to 10 years. The lease term represents the non-cancelable period of the lease. For certain leases, the Company has an option to extend the lease term. These renewal options are not considered in the remaining lease term unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise such options. Refer to Note 4, “Leases,” for additional information. Foreign Currency The functional currency of the Company’s Israeli and Swiss subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. All other foreign subsidiaries use the respective local currency as the functional currency. When the local currency is the functional currency, gains and losses from translation of these foreign currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are recorded as a separate component of other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity. The Company’s foreign currency exposure is also related to its net position of monetary assets and monetary liabilities held by its foreign subsidiaries in their nonfunctional currencies. These monetary assets and liabilities are being remeasured into the subsidiaries’ respective functional currencies using exchange rates as of the balance sheet date. Such remeasurement gains and losses are included in “Other expense, net” in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded remeasurement losses of approximately $1.0 million, $1.5 million and $0.6 million, respectively. Derivative Instruments The Company enters into derivative instruments, primarily foreign currency forward contracts, to minimize the short-term impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities as well as certain foreign currencies denominated expenses. The Company does not enter into derivative instruments for trading purposes and these derivatives generally have maturities within three months. The derivative instruments are recorded at fair value in prepaid expenses and other current assets or accrued and other current liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company enters into derivative instruments to hedge existing foreign currency denominated assets or liabilities, the gains or losses on these hedges are recorded immediately in earnings to offset the changes in the fair value of the assets or liabilities being hedged. Research and Development Research and development (“R&D”) costs are expensed as incurred and consists primarily of employee salaries and related expenses, contractors and outside consultants, supplies and materials, equipment depreciation and facilities costs, all associated with the design and development of new products and enhancements of existing products. The Company’s French subsidiary participates in the French Crédit d’Impôt Recherche (“CIR”) program which allows companies to monetize eligible research expenses. The R&D tax credits receivable from the French government for spending on innovative R&D under the CIR program is recorded as an offset to R&D expenses. In the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company had R&D tax credits of $4.5 million, $4.7 million and $5.9 million, respectively. Restructuring and Related Charges The Company’s restructuring charges consist primarily of employee severance, one-time termination benefits related to the reduction of its workforce, and other costs. Liabilities for costs associated with a restructuring activity are recognized when the liability is incurred and are measured at fair value. One-time termination benefits are expensed at the date the entity notifies the employee, unless the employee must provide future service, in which case the benefits are expensed ratably over the future service period. Termination benefits are calculated based on regional benefit practices and local statutory requirements. Refer to Note 10, “Restructuring and Related Charges,” for additional information. Warranty The Company accrues for estimated warranty costs at the time of revenue recognition and records such accrued liabilities as part of cost of revenue. Management periodically reviews its warranty liability and adjusts the accrued liability based on the terms of warranties provided to customers, historical and anticipated warranty claims experience, and estimates of the timing and cost of warranty claims. Advertising Expenses All advertising costs are expensed as incurred and included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Advertising expense was $1.1 million, $0.7 million and $1.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Stock-based Compensation The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards made to employees, including stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and stock purchase rights under the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), based upon the grant-date fair value of those awards. The Company recognizes the impact of forfeitures as they occur. The fair value of the Company’s stock options and stock purchase rights under ESPP is estimated at grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of the Company’s RSUs and performance-based RSUs (“PRSUs”) is calculated based on the market value of the Company’s stock at the grant date. The fair value of the Company’s market-based RSUs (“MRSUs”) is estimated using the Monte-Carlo valuation model with market vesting conditions. The Company recognizes the stock-based compensation for options, RSUs, MRSUs and stock purchase rights under ESPP on straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period. The Company recognizes the stock-based compensation for PRSUs based on the probability of achieving performance criteria defined in the PRSU agreements. The Company estimates the number of PRSUs ultimately expected to vest and recognizes expense using the graded vesting attribution method over the requisite service period. Changes in the estimates related to probability of achieving certain performance criteria and number of PRSUs expected to vest could significantly affect the related stock-based compensation expense from one period to the next. Pension Plan Under French law, the Company’s subsidiary in France is obligated to provide for a defined benefit plan to its employees upon their retirement from the Company. The Company’s defined benefit pension plan in France is unfunded. The Company records its obligations relating to the pension plans based on calculations which include various actuarial assumptions including employees’ age and period of service with the company; projected mortality rates, mobility rates and increases in salaries; and a discount rate. The Company reviews its actuarial assumptions on an annual basis as of December 31 (or more frequently if a significant event requiring remeasurement occurs) and modifies the assumptions based on current rates and trends when it is appropriate to do so. The Company believes that the assumptions utilized in recording its obligations under its pension plan are reasonable based on its experience, market conditions and input from its actuaries. The Company accounts for the actuarial gains (losses) in accordance with ASC 715, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits.” If the net accumulated gain or loss exceeds 10% of the projected plan benefit obligation, a portion of the net gain or loss is amortized and included in expense for the following year based upon the average remaining service period of active plan participants, unless the Company’s policy is to recognize all actuarial gains (losses) when they occur. The Company elected to defer actuarial gains (losses) in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). As of December 31, 2020, the Company did not meet the 10% threshold, and therefore no amortization of 2020 actuarial gain would be recorded in 2021. Refer to Note 12, “Employee Benefit Plans and Stock-based Compensation-French Pension Plan,” for additional information. Income Taxes In preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements, the Company estimates the income taxes for each of the jurisdictions in which the Company operates. This involves estimating the Company’s current tax expense and assessing temporary and permanent differences resulting from differing treatment of items, such as reserves and accruals, for tax and accounting purposes. These temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company’s income tax policy is to record the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and amounts reported in the Company’s accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, as well as operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The Company follows the guidelines set forth in the applicable accounting guidance regarding the recoverability of any tax assets recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and provides any necessary allowances as required. Determining necessary allowances requires the Company to make assessments about the timing of future events, including the probability of expected future taxable income and available tax planning opportunities. A history of operating losses in recent years has led to uncertainty with respect to our ability to realize certain of our net deferred tax assets, and as a result we applied a full valuation allowance against our U.S. net deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2020. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates or the Company adjusts these estimates in future periods, the Company’s operating results, and financial position could be materially affected. The Company is subject to examination of its income tax returns by various tax authorities on a periodic basis. The Company regularly assesses the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from such examinations to determine the adequacy of its provision for income taxes. The Company has applied the provisions of the applicable accounting guidance on accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, which requires application of a more-likely-than-not threshold to the recognition and de-recognition of uncertain tax positions. If the recognition threshold is met, the applicable accounting guidance permits the Company to recognize a tax benefit measured at the largest amount of tax benefit that, in the Company’s judgment, is more than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement. It further requires that a change in judgment related to the expected ultimate resolution of uncertain tax positions be recognized in earnings in the period of such change. The Company files annual income tax returns in multiple taxing jurisdictions around the world. A number of years may elapse before an uncertain tax position is audited and finally resolved. While it is often difficult to predict the final outcome or the timing of resolution of any particular uncertain tax position, the Company believes that its reserves for income taxes reflect the most likely outcome. The Company adjusts these reserves and penalties, as well as the related interest, in light of changing facts and circumstances. Changes in the Company’s assessment of its uncertain tax positions or settlement of any particular position could materially and adversely impact the Company’s income tax rate, operating results, financial position and cash flows. Segment Reporting Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities for which separate financial information is available and is evaluated by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), which for the Company is its Chief Executive Officer, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company has two operating segments: Video and Cable Access. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For trade receivables and other instruments, the Company is required to use a new forward-looking “expected loss” model. The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. The new ASU removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test and requires the assessment of fair value of individual assets and liabilities of a reporting unit to measure goodwill impairments. Goodwill impairment will then be the amount by which a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value. The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, and the adoption did not have an impact on its consolidated financial statements. ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, which removes, modifies and adds to the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. ASU 2019-08, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Codification Improvements—Share-Based Consideration Payable to a Customer In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-08, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Codification Improvements - Share-Based Consideration Payable to a Customer, which clarifies guidance on measurement and classification of share-based payments to customers. The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. ASU 2018-14, Compensation – Retirement Benefits – Defined Benefits Plans- General (Subtopic 715-20) In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General Subtopic 715-20 - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. This new standard, which is designed to improve the effectiveness of disclosures by removing and adding disclosures related to defined benefit plans. The new ASU is effective for the Company for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020, and early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this new standard in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and associated disclosures. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments and contracts on an entity’s own equity. Among other changes, ASU No. 2020-06 removes from U.S. GAAP the liability and equity separation model for convertible instruments with a cash conversion feature, and as a result, after adoption, entities will no longer separately present in equity an embedded conversion feature for such debt. Similarly, the embedded conversion feature will no longer be amortized into income as interest expense over the life of the instrument. Instead, entities will account for a convertible debt instrument wholly as debt unless (1) a convertible instrument contains features that require bifurcation as a derivative under ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, or (2) a convertible debt instrument was issued at a substantial premium. Among other potential impacts, this change is expected to reduce reported interest expense, increase reported net income, and result in a reclassification of certain conversion feature balance sheet amounts from stockholders’ equity to liabilities as it relates to the Company’s convertible senior notes. Additionally, ASU No. 2020-06 requires the application of the if-converted method to calculate the impact of convertible instruments on diluted earnings per share (EPS), which would result in an increase in diluted shares for purposes of calculating diluted EPS for the Company. The new ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted after December 15, 2020. Adoption of the new ASU can either be on a modified retrospective or full retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the timing, method of adoption and overall impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements. In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-01, to clarify certain interactions between the guidance to account for equity securities, the guidance to account for investments under the equity method of accounting, and the guidance to account for derivatives and hedging. The new ASU clarifies the application of measurement alternatives and the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options to acquire investments. The new ASU is effective for the Company for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2021, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

Revenue

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Revenue from Contract with Customer

REVENUE

Contract Balances. Deferred revenue represents the Company’s obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. The Company’s payment terms vary by the type and location of its customer and the products or services offered. The term between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant. For certain products or services and customer types, the Company requires payment before the products or services are delivered to the customer.

Revenue recognized during the year ended December 31, 2020 that was included within the deferred revenue balance at January 1, 2020 was $36.2 million. Revenue recognized during the year ended December 31, 2019 that was included within the deferred revenue balance at January 1, 2019 was $41.1 million.

Contract assets exist when the Company has satisfied a performance obligation but does not have an unconditional right to consideration (e.g., because the entity first must satisfy another performance obligation in the contract before it is entitled to invoice the customer).

Contract assets and deferred revenue consisted of the following:


	As of December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Contract assets	$	9,800	$	13,969
Deferred revenue	63,533		43,450

Contract assets and the non-current portion of Deferred revenue are reported as components of “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” and “Other non-current liabilities,” respectively, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Shipping and handling costs are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are recorded in “Cost of revenue” in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Sales tax and other amounts collected on behalf of third parties are excluded from the transaction price.

Hardware and Software. Revenue from the sale of hardware and software products is recognized when the control is transferred. For most of the Company’s product sales (including sales to distributors and system integrators), the control is transferred at the time the product is shipped or delivery has occurred because the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset and the Company has a present right to payment at that time. The Company’s agreements with the distributors and system integrators have terms which are generally consistent with the standard terms and conditions for the sale of the Company’s equipment to end users, and do not provide for product rotation or pricing allowances, as are typically found in agreements with stocking distributors. The Company offers return rights which are specifically identified and accrued for as sales returns at the end of the period.

Arrangements with Multiple Performance Obligations. The Company has revenue arrangements that include multiple performance obligations. The Company allocates transaction price to all separate performance obligations based on their relative standalone selling prices (“SSP”). See “Significant Judgments” for additional information.

Solution Sales. Solution sales for the design, manufacture, test, integration and installation of products, including equipment acquired from third parties to be integrated with Harmonic’s products, that are customized to meet the customer’s specifications are accounted for based on the percentage-of-completion basis, using the input method. Some of our arrangements may include acceptance provisions that require testing of the solution against specific performance criteria. The Company performs a detailed evaluation to determine whether the arrangement involves performance criteria based on our standard performance criteria. The Company has a long-standing history of entering into contractual arrangements to deliver the solution sales based on standard performance criteria. For this type of arrangement, we consider the customer acceptance clause not substantive and recognize product revenue when the customer takes possession of the product and recognize service on a percentage-of-completion basis using the input method. However, if the solution results in significant production, modification or customization, we consider the arrangement as a single performance obligation and recognize the revenue at a point in time, depending on the complexity of the solution and nature of acceptance.

Professional services. Revenue from professional services is recognized over time, on the percentage-of-completion basis using the input method.

Input method. The use of the input method requires the Company to make reasonably dependable estimates. We use the input method based on labor hours, where revenue is calculated based on the percentage of total hours incurred in relation to total estimated hours at completion of the contract. The input method is reasonable because the hours best reflect the Company’s efforts toward satisfying the performance obligation over time. As circumstances change over time, the Company updates its measure of progress to reflect any changes in the outcome of the performance obligation. Such changes to an entity’s measure of progress are accounted for as a change in accounting estimates.

Support and maintenance. Support and maintenance services are satisfied ratably over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services.

Contract costs. The incremental costs of obtaining a contract are capitalized if the costs are expected to be recovered. Costs that are recognized as assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the period during which the related goods or services transfer to the customer. Costs incurred to fulfill a contract are capitalized if they are not covered by other relevant guidance, relate directly to a contract, will be used to satisfy future performance obligations, and are expected to be recovered.

The balances of net capitalized contract costs included in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
Balance Sheet Location	2020		2019
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	1,581	$	1,309
Other non-current assets	1,287		722
Total net capitalized contract costs	$	2,868	$	2,031

The amortization of the capitalized contract costs for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $1.6 million, $1.5 million and $1.3 million.

Significant Judgments. The Company has revenue arrangements that include promises to transfer multiple products and services to a customer. The Company may exercise significant judgment when determining whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately versus together.

The Company allocates transaction price to all separate performance obligations based on their relative SSP. The Company’s best evidence for SSP is the price the Company charges for that good or service when the Company sells it separately in similar circumstances to similar customers. If goods or services are not always sold separately, the Company uses the best estimate of SSP in the allocation of transaction price. The objective of determining the best estimate of SSP is to estimate the price at which the Company would transact a sale if the product or service were sold on a standalone basis. The Company’s process for determining best estimate of SSP involves management’s judgment, and considers multiple factors including, but not limited to, major product groupings, geographies, gross margin objectives and pricing practices. Pricing practices taken into consideration include contractually stated prices, discounts offered and applicable price lists. These factors may vary over time, depending upon the unique facts and circumstances related to each deliverable. If the facts and circumstances underlying the factors considered change or should future facts and circumstances lead the Company to consider additional factors, the Company’s best estimate of SSP may also change.

If the Company has not yet established a price because the good or service has not previously been sold on a standalone basis, SSP for such good and service in a contract with multiple performance obligations is determined by applying a residual approach whereby all other performance obligations within a contract are first allocated a portion of the transaction price based upon their respective SSP, using observable prices, with any residual amount of the transaction price allocated to the good or service for which the price has not yet been established.

Practical Expedients and Exemptions. Under Topic 606, incremental costs of obtaining a contract such as sales commissions are capitalized if they are expected to be recovered, and amortized on a straight-line basis. Expensing these costs as incurred is not permitted unless they qualify for a practical expedient. Other than capitalized costs of obtaining subscription contracts which are amortized regardless of the life of expected amortization period, the Company elected the practical expedient to expense the costs to obtain all other contracts as incurred, when the life of the expected amortization period is one year or less by using a portfolio approach.

The Company elected the practical expedient under Topic 606 to not disclose the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations, since the majority of the Company’s arrangements have original expected durations of one year or less, or the invoicing corresponds to the value of the Company’s performance completed to date. These performance obligations primarily relate to the Company’s support and maintenance contracts which have a duration of one year or less and subscriptions services for which invoicing corresponds to the value of the Company’s performance completed to date.

The Company elected the practical expedient that allows the Company to not assess a contract for a significant financing component if the period between the customer’s payment and the transfer of the goods or services is one year or less.

In July 2019, Comcast elected enterprise license pricing for the Company’s CableOS software as contemplated under certain existing commercial agreements between the Company and Comcast (the “CableOS software license agreement”), which also includes maintenance and support services, and material rights. As of December 31, 2020, the aggregate amount of the transaction price under this agreement allocated to the remaining performance obligations was $77.6 million, and the Company will recognize this revenue as the related performance obligations are satisfied over the next ten quarters.

Refer to Note 17, “Segment Information, Geographic Information and Customer Concentration” for disaggregated revenue information.

The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)(2)
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Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
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Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Section 50
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Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121604090&loc=SL49130554-203045

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Leases [Abstract]

Lessee, Operating Leases

LEASES

Under Topic 842, operating lease expense is generally recognized evenly over the term of the lease. The Company has operating leases primarily consisting of facilities with remaining lease terms of 1 year to 10 years. The lease term represents the non-cancelable period of the lease. For certain leases, the Company has an option to extend the lease term. These renewal options are not considered in the remaining lease term unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise such options.

The Company elected certain practical expedients under Topic 842 which are: (i) to not record leases with an initial term of twelve months or less on the balance sheet; (ii) to combine the lease and non-lease components in determining the lease liabilities and right-of-use assets, and (iii) to carry forward prior conclusions about lease identification and classification.

The Company’s lease contracts do not provide an implicit borrowing rate; hence the Company determined the incremental borrowing rate based on information available at lease commencement to determine the present value of lease liability. The Company generally uses the parent entity’s incremental borrowing rates as the treasury operations are managed centrally by the parent entity and, consequently, the pricing of leases at a subsidiary level is typically significantly influenced by the credit risk evaluated at the parent or consolidated group level on the basis of guarantees or other payment mechanisms that allow the lessor to look beyond just the subsidiary for payment.

During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, the Company entered into new or modified lease agreements which were assessed under Topic 842 to be operating leases. The new or modified lease agreements resulted in the balance sheet recognition of $5.4 million in “Operating lease right-of use assets,” $4.1 million in “Operating lease liabilities, long-term,” and $1.3 million in “Operating lease liabilities, current.”

The components of lease expense are as follows:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Operating lease cost	$	8,369	$	9,574
Variable lease cost	2,675		3,232
Total lease cost	$	11,044	$	12,806

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases are as follows:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	9,584	$	9,702
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$	5,414	$	12,032

Other information related to leases are as follows:


	Year ended December 31,
	2020		2019
Operating leases
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)	7		7
Weighted-average discount rate	7.1	%	7.1	%

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):


Years ending December 31,
2021	$	7,682
2022	6,297
2023	5,535
2024	5,148
2025	4,900
Thereafter	13,136
Total future minimum lease payments	$	42,698
Less: imputed interest	(9,273)



Total lease liability balance	$	33,425

Derivative and Hedging Activities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure

DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments (Balance Sheet Hedges)

The Company’s balance sheet hedges consist of foreign currency forward contracts which mature generally within three months. These forward contracts are carried at fair value and they are used to minimize the short-term impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuation on cash and certain trade and intercompany receivables and payables. Changes in the fair value of these foreign currency forward contracts are recognized in “Other expense, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and are largely offset by the changes in the fair value of the assets or liabilities being hedged. Foreign currency forward contracts’ gains (losses) recognized during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, were $2.2 million, $1.4 million and $(2.3) million, respectively.

The U.S. dollar equivalents of all outstanding notional amounts of foreign currency forward contracts were as follows:


	As of December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Purchase	$	11,426	$	14,806
Sell	$	—	$	2,629

While the Company’s arrangements with its counterparties allow for net settlement, which is designed to reduce credit risk by permitting net settlement with the same counterparty, the Company recognizes all derivative instruments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets on a gross basis. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, gross fair values of derivative assets and liabilities, recorded as components of “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” and “Other current liabilities”, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, were immaterial.

In connection with foreign currency derivatives entered in Israel, the Company’s subsidiaries in Israel are required to maintain a compensating balance with their bank at the end of each month. The compensating balance arrangements do not legally restrict the use of cash. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the total compensating balance maintained was $1.0 million.

Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The applicable accounting guidance establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires disclosure about the fair value measurements of assets and liabilities. This guidance defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. This guidance requires the Company to classify and disclose assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as fair value measurements of assets and liabilities measured on a nonrecurring basis in periods subsequent to initial measurement, in a three-tier fair value hierarchy as follows:

•Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

•Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

•Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

The Company's financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:


	December 31, 2020								December 31, 2019
	Carrying		Fair Value						Carrying		Fair Value
(in thousands)	Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
2020 Notes	n/a		n/a		n/a		n/a		$	43,785	$	—	$	66,844	$	—
2022 Notes	$	35,925	$	—	$	54,204	$	—	n/a		n/a		n/a		n/a
2024 Notes	$	93,582	$	—	$	125,953	$	—	$	88,629	$	—	$	131,887	$	—
French and other loans	$	21,835	$	—	$	21,835	$	—	$	17,153	$	—	$	17,153	$	—

The fair value of the Company’s convertible notes is influenced by interest rates, the Company’s stock price and stock market volatility. The difference between the carrying value and the fair value is primarily due to the spread between the conversion price and the market value of the shares underlying the conversion as of each respective balance sheet date. The Company’s French and other loans are classified within Level 2 because these borrowings are not actively traded and the majority of them have a variable interest rate structure based upon market rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar terms and maturities; therefore, the carrying value of these debts approximate its fair value. Refer to Note 11, “Convertible Notes, Other Debts and Finance Leases,” for additional information.

The fair value of the Company’s French pension plan liability as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $6.1 million and $5.3 million, respectively. Refer to Note 12, “Employee Benefit Plans and Stock-based Compensation - French Pension Plan,” for additional information.

During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, there were no nonrecurring fair value measurements of assets and liabilities subsequent to initial recognition.

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Goodwill and Identified Intangible Assets

GOODWILL

Goodwill represents the difference between the purchase price and the estimated fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill is allocated among and evaluated for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is defined as an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. The Company has two reporting units, Video and Cable Access.

The Company tests for goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset is more likely than not impaired. The Company’s annual goodwill impairment test is performed in the fiscal fourth quarter, with a testing date at the end of fiscal October. In evaluating goodwill for impairment, the Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value (including goodwill). If the Company concludes that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then no further testing is required. However, if the Company concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then the quantitative goodwill impairment test is performed to identify a potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of impairment to be recognized, if any. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is not impaired. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized for an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

The fair value of each of the Company’s reporting units is determined using both the income and market valuation approaches. Under the income approach, the fair value of the reporting unit is based on the present value of estimated future cash flows that the reporting unit is expected to generate over its remaining life. Under the market approach, the value of the reporting unit is based on an analysis that compares the value of the reporting unit to the value of publicly-traded companies in similar lines of business. In the application of the income and market valuation approaches, the Company is required to make estimates of future operating trends and judgments on discount rates and other variables. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit is highly judgmental in nature and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. The Company bases its fair value estimates on assumptions the Company believes to be reasonable but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. Actual future results related to assumed variables could differ from these estimates. In addition, the Company makes certain judgments and assumptions in allocating shared assets and liabilities to determine the carrying values for each of its reporting units.

Under the income approach, the Company calculates the fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on management's estimates of revenue growth rates and operating margins, taking into consideration industry and market conditions. The discount rate used is based on the weighted-average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with business-specific characteristics and the uncertainty related to the business's ability to execute on the projected cash flows. Under the market approach, the Company estimates the fair value based on market multiples of revenue and earnings derived from comparable publicly-traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the reporting units, and then apply a control premium which is determined by considering control premiums offered as part of the acquisitions that have occurred in market segments that are comparable with its reporting units.

During the fourth quarter of 2020, the Company performed the quantitative goodwill impairment testing for the two reporting units as part of the Company’s annual goodwill impairment test and concluded that goodwill was not impaired. The Company has not recorded any impairment charges related to goodwill for any prior periods. If future economic conditions are different than those projected by management, future impairment charges may be required.

The changes in the Company’s carrying amount of goodwill are as follows:


(in thousands)	Video		Cable Access		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	179,839	$	60,779	$	240,618
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(857)		19		(838)
Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	178,982	$	60,798	$	239,780
Foreign currency translation adjustment	3,873		21		3,894
Balance as of December 31, 2020	$	182,855	$	60,819	$	243,674

Accounts Receivable

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Receivables [Abstract]

Accounts Receivable

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Accounts receivable, net of allowances, consisted of the following:


	As of December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Accounts receivable, net:
Accounts receivable	$	68,295	$	91,513
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns	(2,068)		(3,013)
Total	$	66,227	$	88,500

Trade accounts receivable are recorded at invoiced amounts and do not bear interest. The Company generally does not require collateral and performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and provides for expected losses. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon the expected collectability of its accounts receivable. The expectation of collectability is based on the Company’s review of credit profiles of customers, contractual terms and conditions, current economic trends and historical payment experience. The Company offers return rights which are specifically identified and accrued for as sales returns at the end of the period.

The following table is a summary of activities in allowances for doubtful accounts and sales returns:


(in thousands)	Balance at Beginning of Period		Charges to Revenue		Charges (Credits) to Expense		Additions to (Deductions from) Reserves		Balance at End of Period
Year ended December 31,
2020	$	3,013	$	1,367	$	299	$	(2,611)	$	2,068
2019	$	3,497	$	1,896	$	(396)	$	(1,984)	$	3,013
2018	$	4,631	$	1,949	$	572	$	(3,655)	$	3,497

Certain Balance Sheet Components

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Balance Sheet Related Disclosures [Abstract]

Certain Balance Sheet Components

CERTAIN BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS


Inventories:	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Raw materials	$	2,529	$	4,179
Work-in-process	1,689		1,633
Finished goods	22,777		14,080
Service-related spares	8,036		9,150
Total	$	35,031	$	29,042


Prepaid expenses and other current assets:	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Prepaid expenses	$	11,453	$	3,050
Contract assets (1)	9,800		13,969
Other current assets	16,879		23,743
Total	$	38,132	$	40,762

(1) Contract assets reflect the satisfied performance obligations for which the Company does not yet have an unconditional right to consideration.


Property and equipment, net:	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Machinery and equipment	$	72,731	$	75,229
Capitalized software	37,141		34,190
Leasehold improvements*	38,718		15,170
Furniture and fixtures	2,913		6,036
Construction-in-progress	2,209		5,506
Property and equipment, gross	153,712		136,131
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	(110,571)		(113,203)
Total	$	43,141	$	22,928

*During fiscal 2020, the Company completed construction of $23.9 million leasehold improvements for the new headquarters facility.


Other current liabilities:	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Accrued employee compensation and related expenses	$	23,131	$	19,454
Other	27,202		35,426
Total	$	50,333	$	54,880

Restructuring and Excess Facilities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring and Excess Facilities

RESTRUCTURING AND RELATED CHARGES

The Company has implemented several restructuring plans in the past few years. The goal of these plans was to bring operational expenses to appropriate levels relative to the Company’s net revenue, while simultaneously implementing extensive company-wide expense control programs. The restructuring plans have primarily been comprised of excess facilities, severance payments and termination benefits related to headcount reductions. The Company accounts for its restructuring plans under the authoritative guidance for exit or disposal activities.

The following table summarizes the activities related to the Company’s restructuring plans during the year ended December 31, 2020:



(in thousands)	Excess facilities		Severance and Benefits		French VDP		Other		Total
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	720	$	3,294	$	806	$	30	$	4,850
Charges for current period	—		3,278		91		47		3,416
Cash payments	(720)		(2,367)		(862)		(77)		(4,026)
Other	—		(107)		(35)		—		(142)
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	—	$	4,098	$	—	$	—	$	4,098

For the year ended December 31, 2020, $1.1 million and $2.3 million of restructuring and related charges are included in “Cost of revenue” and “Operating expenses - Restructuring and related charges”, respectively, in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. A majority of the costs incurred during the year ended December 31, 2020 relate to the Company’s Video segment.

Convertible Notes, Debts and Finance Leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Credit Facilities

CONVERTIBLE NOTES, OTHER DEBTS AND FINANCE LEASES

4.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 (the “2022 Notes”)

In June 2020, the Company issued the 2022 Notes with an aggregate principal amount of $37.7 million in a non-cash exchange for its 2020 Notes with an equal principal amount pursuant to an indenture, dated June 2, 2020 (the “2022 Notes Indenture”), by and between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The 2022 Notes bear interest at a rate of 4.375% per year, payable in cash on June 1 and December 1 of each year. The 2022 Notes will mature on December 1, 2022, unless earlier repurchased by the Company, redeemed by the Company or converted pursuant to their terms.

The 2022 Notes are convertible into cash, shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 (“Common Stock”), or a combination thereof, at the Company’s election, at an initial conversion rate of 173.9978 shares of Common Stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2020 Notes (which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $5.75 per share).

The conversion rate, and thus the effective conversion price, may be adjusted under certain circumstances, including in connection with conversions made following certain fundamental changes and under other circumstances as set forth in the 2022 Notes Indenture.

Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding September 1, 2022, the 2022 Notes will be convertible only under the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter commencing after the fiscal quarter ended on June 26, 2020 (and only during such fiscal quarter), if the last reported sale price of Common Stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 2022 Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of Common Stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; or (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events. Commencing on September 1, 2022 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, the 2022 Notes will be convertible in multiples of $1,000 principal amount regardless of the foregoing circumstances.

As the 2022 Notes were issued in exchange for the 2020 Notes, which was accounted for as an extinguishment, the 2022 Notes were initially accounted for at fair value, which was estimated to be $44.4 million. In accordance with the accounting guidance on embedded conversion features, the conversion feature associated with the 2022 Notes was initially valued at $8.3 million and bifurcated from the host debt instrument and recorded in “Additional paid-in capital.” The remaining amount of $36.0 million, which represents the fair value of the liability component of the 2022 Notes, was recorded as the initial carrying value of the 2022 Notes. The initial debt discount on the 2022 Notes is $1.7 million, calculated as the difference between the stated principal amount of $37.7 million and the initial carrying value of the liability component of $36.0 million. The debt discount is being amortized to interest expense at the effective interest rate over the contractual terms of the 2022 Notes.

The following table presents the components of the 2022 Notes:


(in thousands, except for years and percentages)	As of December 31, 2020

Liability:
Principal amount	$	37,707
Less: Debt discount, net of amortization	(1,357)
Less: Debt issuance costs, net of amortization	(425)
Carrying amount	$	35,925


Remaining amortization period (years)	1.9
Effective interest rate on liability component	6.95	%

The following table presents interest expense recognized for the 2022 Notes:


(in thousands)	Year ended December 31, 2020

Contractual interest expense	$	953
Amortization of debt discount	373
Amortization of debt issuance costs	117
Total interest expense recognized	$	1,443

2.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024 (the “2024 Notes”)

In September 2019, the Company issued $115.5 million of the 2024 Notes pursuant to an indenture (the “2024 Notes Indenture”), dated September 13, 2019, by and between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The 2024 Notes bear interest at a rate of 2.00% per year, payable semi-annually on March 1 and September 1 of each year, beginning March 1, 2020. The 2024 Notes will mature on September 1, 2024, unless earlier repurchased by the Company, redeemed by the Company or converted pursuant to their terms.

The 2024 Notes are convertible into cash, shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 (“Common Stock”), or a combination thereof, at the Company’s election, at an initial conversion rate of 115.5001 shares of Common Stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2024 Notes (which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $8.66 per share). The conversion rate, and thus the effective conversion price, may be adjusted under certain circumstances, including in connection with conversions made following certain fundamental changes or a notice of redemption and under other circumstances, in each case, as set forth in the 2024 Notes Indenture.

The 2024 Notes will be convertible at certain times and upon the occurrence of certain events in the future, in each case, specified in the 2024 Notes Indenture. Further, on or after June 1, 2024, until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders of the 2024 Notes may convert all or a portion of their 2024 Notes regardless of these conditions.

In accordance with the accounting guidance on embedded conversion features, the conversion feature associated with the 2024 Notes was valued at $24.9 million and bifurcated from the host debt instrument and recorded in “Additional paid-in capital.” The resulting debt discount on the 2024 Notes is being amortized to interest expense at the effective interest rate over the contractual term of the 2024 Notes.

The following table presents the components of the 2024 Notes:


	As of December 31,
(in thousands, except for years and percentages)	2020			2019
Liability:
Principal amount	$	115,500		$	115,500
Less: Debt discount, net of amortization	(19,294)			(23,652)
Less: Debt issuance costs, net of amortization	(2,624)			(3,219)
Carrying amount	$	93,582		$	88,629


Remaining amortization period (years)	3.7			4.7
Effective interest rate on liability component	7.95		%	7.95		%

The following table presents interest expense recognized for the 2024 Notes:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Contractual interest expense	$	2,310	$	687
Amortization of debt discount	4,358		1,226
Amortization of debt issuance costs	595		166
Total interest expense recognized	$	7,263	$	2,079

4.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2020 (the “2020 Notes”)

In December 2015, the Company issued $128.25 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Notes pursuant to an indenture (the “2020 Notes Indenture”), dated December 14, 2015, by and between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The 2020 Notes bear interest at a rate of 4.00% per year, payable in cash on June 1 and December 1 of each year. The 2020 Notes matured on December 1, 2020.

The 2020 Notes were convertible into cash, shares of the Common Stock, or a combination thereof, at the Company’s election, at a conversion rate of 173.9978 shares of Common Stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2020 Notes (which is equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $5.75 per share). The conversion rate, and thus the effective conversion price, was adjustable under certain circumstances, including in connection with conversions made following certain fundamental changes and under other circumstances, in each case, as set forth in the 2020 Notes Indenture.

In September 2019, the Company used approximately $109.6 million of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2024 Notes to repurchase $82.5 million aggregate principal of the 2020 Notes in privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase of the 2020 Notes was accounted for as a debt extinguishment, and the consideration transferred was allocated between the equity and liability components by determining the fair value of the conversion option immediately prior to the debt extinguishment and allocating that portion of the repurchase price to additional paid-in capital for $27.1 million, with the residual repurchase price allocated to the liability component, respectively. The partial repurchase of the 2020 Notes resulted in the recognition of a $5.7 million loss on debt extinguishment for the year ended December 31, 2019, which is recorded in “Loss on convertible debt extinguishment” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

In accordance with accounting guidance on embedded conversion features, the conversion feature associated with the 2020 Notes was initially valued at $26.1 million and bifurcated from the host debt instrument and recorded in “Additional paid-in capital.” The resulting debt discount on the 2020 Notes had been amortized to interest expense at the effective interest rate over the contractual terms of the 2020 Notes prior to the maturity date in December 2020.

The 2020 Notes became convertible as of December 31, 2019, as the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for at least 20 trading days during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter was greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price of the 2020 Notes on each applicable trading day. As a result of the 2020 Notes becoming convertible for cash up to the principal amount of $45.8 million, the Company reclassified the unamortized debt discount for the 2020 Notes in the amount of $2.4 million from “Additional paid-in-capital” to convertible debt in the mezzanine equity section in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2020, this conversion condition was not present, and accordingly, the Company reclassified this balance from convertible debt in the mezzanine equity section to “Additional paid-in-capital.”

In June 2020, the Company exchanged $37.7 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Notes for $37.7 million in aggregate principal amount of its 2022 Notes. The fair value of the consideration transferred in the form of the 2022 Notes of $44.4 million was allocated between the equity and liability components as discussed in the 2022 Notes section above. The exchange of the 2020 Notes was accounted for as a debt extinguishment, which resulted in the recognition of a $0.8 million loss on debt extinguishment for the year ended December 31, 2020, which is recorded in “Loss on convertible debt extinguishment” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Following the exchange, there was a total of $8.1 million aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Notes remaining.

On or after September 1, 2020, until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders of the 2020 Notes were able to convert all or a portion of their 2020 Notes regardless of any conditions.

Prior to maturity date, a total of $7.8 million of the principal balance was converted by holders of the 2020 Notes. In accordance with provisions of the 2020 Notes Indenture, conversion was settled in a combination of cash and the Company’s Common Stock. The conversion resulted in the recognition of a $0.5 million loss, which was recorded in “Loss on convertible debt extinguishment” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The remaining principal of $0.3 million matured on December 1, 2020 and was paid in cash.

The following table presents interest expense recognized for the 2020 Notes:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Contractual interest expense	$	936	$	4,148	$	5,130
Amortization of debt discount	1,158		4,787		5,408
Amortization of debt issuance costs	138		577		652
Total interest expense recognized	$	2,232	$	9,512	$	11,190

Other Debts and Finance Leases

The Company has a variety of debt and credit facilities primarily in France to satisfy the financing requirements of the operations of its French subsidiary. These arrangements are summarized in the table below:


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Financing from French government agencies related to various government incentive programs (1)	$	14,974	$	16,566
Relief loans (2)	6,694		—
Term loans	167		587
Obligations under finance leases	22		71
Total debt obligations	21,857		17,224
Less: current portion	(11,771)		(6,713)
Long-term portion	$	10,086	$	10,511

(1) Loans backed by French R&D tax credit receivables were $13.6 million and $15.1 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, the French subsidiary had an aggregate of $21.5 million of R&D tax credit receivables from the French government from 2021 through 2024. These tax loans have a fixed rate of 0.6%, plus EURIBOR 1 month plus 1.3% and mature between 2021 through 2023. The remaining loans of $1.4 million and $1.5 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, primarily relate to financial support from French government agencies for R&D innovation projects at minimal interest rates, and the loans outstanding at December 31, 2020 mature between 2021 through 2025.

(2) Refer to the below section “Relief Loans” for the description of these loans.

The table below presents the future minimum repayments of debts and finance lease obligations in France as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands):


Years ending December 31,	Finance lease obligations		Other Debt obligations
2021	$	22	$	11,749
2022	—		5,420
2023	—		3,856
2024	—		184
2025	—		626

Total	$	22	$	21,835

Line of Credit

On December 19, 2019, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as lender. The Credit Agreement provides for a secured revolving loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $25.0 million, based on a borrowing base of eligible accounts receivable and inventory, with a maturity date of October 31, 2020. The Company may use availability under the revolving loan facility for the issuance of letters of credit. The proceeds of the revolving loans may be used for general corporate purposes.

During fiscal 2020, the Company amended the Credit Agreement to extend the Credit Agreement maturity date to October 30, 2022 and amend the interest rates for the revolving loans. As amended, the revolving loans bear interest, at the Company’s election, at a floating rate per annum equal to either (1) 2.00% plus the greater of (i) 1 month LIBOR on any day plus 2.50% and (ii) the prime rate as reported in the Wall Street Journal from time to time or (2) 3.00% plus LIBOR for an interest period of one, two or three months. Interest on the revolving loans is payable monthly in arrears, in the case of prime rate loans, and at the end of the applicable interest period, in the case of LIBOR loans.

The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including covenants limiting the ability of the Company, among other things, incur debt, grant liens, undergo certain fundamental changes, make investments, make certain restricted payments, dispose of assets, enter into transactions with affiliates, and enter into burdensome agreements, in each case, subject to limitations and exceptions set forth in the Credit Agreement. The Company is also required to maintain compliance with an adjusted quick ratio, a minimum EBITDA covenant (tested quarterly) and a minimum liquidity covenant, in each case, determined in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement. As of December 31, 2020, the Company was in compliance with the covenants under the Credit Agreement.

There were no revolving borrowings under the Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2020.

Relief Loans

In June 2020, Harmonic France was granted a loan from Société Générale S.A. (the “SG Loan”) in the aggregate amount of 5,000,000 Euros, pursuant to a state guarantee program introduced in March 2020 to provide relief to companies from the financial consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The SG Loan initially matures in 12 months (with an option to extend for up to five years) and bears an effective interest rate of 0.51% per annum payable annually. The SG Loan may be repaid at any time prior to maturity with no repayment penalties. There are no restrictions on the use of funds from the SG Loan. The purpose of the funds from the SG Loan is to allow the preservation of activity and employment in France. As of December 31, 2020, there was $6.1 million outstanding under the loan, which is recorded in “Other debts and finance lease obligations, current” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In April 2020, Harmonic International GmbH was granted a loan of CHF 500,000 from UBS Switzerland AG (the “UBS Loan”) in accordance with a Swiss federal COVID-19 loan guarantee program with an initial maturity of five years. The exclusive purpose of the UBS Loan is to guarantee the Company’s current liability requirements. The UBS Loan does not bear any interest. The UBS Loan is to be repaid in full no later than April 8, 2025. As of December 31, 2020, there was $0.6 million outstanding under the loan, which is recorded in “Other debts and finance lease obligations, long-term” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Employee Benefit Plans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Employee Benefit Plans

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Equity Award Plans

1995 Stock Plan

The 1995 Stock Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options and RSUs. Incentive stock options may be granted only to employees. All other awards may be granted to employees and non-employees. Under the terms of the 1995 Stock Plan, no incentive stock option or non-statutory stock option may be granted in the ordinary course of business with a per share exercise price that is less than 100% of the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. RSUs have no exercise price. Both options and RSUs vest over a period of time as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”), generally two to four years, and options expire seven years from the date of grant. Some of the RSUs granted by the Company have performance-based vesting terms, where vesting is dependent on achievement of certain financial and non-financial operating goals of the Company (performance-based RSUs, or “PRSUs”), or where vesting is dependent on performance of the Company’s total shareholder return (“TSR”) relative to the TSR of the NASDAQ Telecommunication Index (market-based RSUs, or “MRSUs”). As of December 31, 2020, an aggregate of 11,149,423 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under the 1995 Stock Plan, of which 6,622,440 shares remained available for grant.

2002 Director Plan

The 2002 Director Plan provides for the grant of non-statutory stock options and RSUs to non-employee directors of the Company. Under the terms of the 2002 Director Plan, no non-statutory stock option may be granted with a per share exercise price that is less than 100% of the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. RSUs have no exercise price. Both options and RSUs vest over a period of time as determined by the Board, generally one year for RSUs and three years for options, and options expire seven years from the date of grant. As of December 31, 2020, an aggregate of 497,974 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under the 2002 Director Plan, of which 303,814 shares remained available for grant.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) provides for the issuance of share purchase rights to employees of the Company. The ESPP is intended to qualify as an “employee stock purchase plan” under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code. The ESPP enables employees to purchase shares at 85% of the fair market value of the Common Stock at the beginning or end of the offering period, whichever is lower. Offering periods generally begin on the first trading day on or after January 1 and July 1 of each year. Employees may participate through payroll deductions of 1% to 10% of their earnings. In the event that there are insufficient shares in the plan to fully fund the issuance, the available shares will be allocated across all participants based on their contributions relative to the total contributions received for the offering period. Under the ESPP, 1,036,543, 1,037,366 and 1,132,438 shares were issued during fiscal 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, representing $4.5 million, $4.1 million and $4.0 million in contributions. As of December 31, 2020, 1,208,449 shares were reserved for future purchases by eligible employees.

Stock Options


(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Exercise Price (per share)
Balance at December 31, 2019	1,888	$	5.83
Exercised	(177)	5.53
Canceled	(258)	6.19
Balance at December 31, 2020	1,453	$	5.80

All stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2020 are fully vested and exercisable. The weighted-average remaining contractual term of stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2020 was 1.2 years. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2020 was $2.4 million. Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the exercise price of the stock options and the fair value of the Company’s common stock as of December 31, 2020. The intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $0.2 million, $1.8 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

No stock options were granted during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.

The fair value of stock options vested during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was zero, $0.1 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

The Company realized no income tax benefit from stock option exercises for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 due to recurring losses and valuation allowances.

Restricted Stock Units


(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share
Balance at December 31, 2019	3,601	$	5.18
Granted	2,966	5.86
Vested	(2,869)	5.39
Forfeited	(430)	4.65
Balance at December 31, 2020	3,268	$	5.67

The fair value of all RSUs that vested during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $15.5 million, $9.7 million and $15.6 million, respectively.

French Pension Plan

Under French law, the Company’s subsidiaries in France are obligated to make certain payments to their employees upon their retirement from the Company. These payments are based on the retiring employee’s salary for a number of months that varies according to the employee’s period of service and position. Salary used in the calculation is the employee’s average monthly salary for the twelve months prior to retirement. The payments are made in one lump-sum at the time of retirement. The French pension plan is unfunded and there are no contributions to the plan required by related laws or funding regulations. No required contributions are expected in fiscal 2021, but the Company, at its discretion, may make contributions to the defined benefit plan.

The Company’s defined benefit pension obligations are measured annually as of December 31. The present value of these lump-sum payments is determined on an actuarial basis and the actuarial valuation considers the employees’ age and period of service with the Company, projected mortality rates, mobility rates, increases in salaries and a discount rate.

The Company’s pension obligations as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 and the changes to the Company’s pension obligations for each of those years were as follows:


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Projected benefit obligation:
Balance at January 1	$	5,259	$	4,881
Service cost	252		227
Interest cost	37		78
Actuarial losses	159		206
Benefits paid	(173)		(31)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	523		(102)
Balance at December 31	$	6,057	$	5,259

Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets under:
Current portion (presented under “Accrued and other current liabilities”)	$	47	$	30
Long-term portion (presented under “Other non-current liabilities”)	$	6,010	$	5,229

The table below presents the components of net periodic benefit costs:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Service cost	$	252	$	227
Interest cost	37		78

Net periodic benefit cost included in operating loss	$	289	$	305

The following assumptions were used in determining the Company’s pension obligation:


	December 31,
	2020		2019
Discount rate	0.4	%	0.7	%
Mobility rate	5.2	%	5.0	%
Salary progression rate	2.0	%	2.0	%

The Company evaluates the discount rate assumption annually. The discount rate is determined using the average yields on high-quality fixed-income securities that have maturities consistent with the timing of benefit payments.

The Company also evaluates other assumptions related to demographic factors, such as retirement age, mortality rates and turnover periodically, updating them to reflect experience and expectations for the future. The mortality assumption related to the Company’s defined benefit pension plan used the most current mortality tables published by the French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies.

As of December 31, 2020, future benefits expected to be paid in each of the next five years, and in the aggregate for the five-year period thereafter are as follows (in thousands):


Years ending December 31,
2021	$	46
2022	—
2023	341
2024	254
2025	480
2026 - 2030	3,465
Total	$	4,586

Share-based Compensation Cost

The following table sets forth the detailed allocation of the share-based compensation expense which was included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Share-based compensation expense included in:
Cost of revenue	$	1,712	$	1,124	$	1,953
Research and development expense	4,850		3,261		5,192
Selling, general and administrative expense	11,478		7,689		10,144
Total	$	18,040	$	12,074	$	17,289

Share-based compensation expense by type of award:
Stock options	—		94		670
RSUs	11,522		9,444		8,901
PRSUs	4,022		924		6,075
MRSUs	711		286		222
Employee stock purchase rights under ESPP	1,785		1,326		1,421
Total	$	18,040	$	12,074	$	17,289

As of December 31, 2020, total unrecognized share-based compensation cost related to unvested RSUs was $12.8 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 1.58 years.

Valuation Assumptions

The Company estimates the fair value of stock purchase rights under the ESPP using a Black-Scholes option valuation model. The value of the stock purchase rights under the ESPP consists of: (1) the 15% discount on the purchase of the stock; (2) 85% of the fair value of the call option; and (3) 15% of the fair value of the put option. The call option and put option were valued using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. At the date of grant, the Company estimated the fair value of each stock purchase right granted under the ESPP using the following weighted average assumptions:


	December 31,
		2020		2019		2018
Expected term (in years)		0.50		0.50		0.50
Volatility		56	%	38	%	55	%
Risk-free interest rate		0.9	%	2.3	%	1.9	%
Expected dividends		0.0	%	0.0	%	0.0	%

The expected term of the stock purchase right under ESPP represents the period of time from the beginning of the offering period to the purchase date. The Company uses its historical volatility for a period equivalent to the expected term to estimate the expected volatility. The risk-free interest rate that the Company uses in the Black-Scholes option valuation model is based on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with remaining terms similar to the expected term. The Company has not paid and does not plan to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

The estimated weighted-average fair value per share of stock purchase rights under the ESPP, granted for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $1.80, $1.33 and $1.33, respectively.

Stockholders' Equity

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (“AOCI”)

The components of AOCI, on an after-tax basis where applicable, were as follows:


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$	5,774	$	(3,306)


Actuarial gain	82		241
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	$	5,856	$	(3,065)

Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

INCOME TAXES


Loss before income tax:	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
United States	$	(42,905)	$	1,769	$	(19,780)
International	16,688		(8,365)		2,832
Loss before income taxes	$	(26,217)	$	(6,596)	$	(16,948)


Provision for (benefit from) income taxes:	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Current:
Federal	$	124	$	(180)	$	(305)
State	93		108		116
International	2,103		1,525		2,958
Deferred:


International	734		(2,125)		1,318
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$	3,054	$	(672)	$	4,087


Effective tax rate			(12)		%				10		%				(24)		%

The difference between the tax provision at the statutory federal income tax rate and the provision for (benefit from) income tax as a percentage of loss before income taxes (effective tax rate) for each period was as follows:


	Year ended December 31,
	2020		2019		2018
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate	21	%	21	%	21	%
Increase (reduction) in rate resulting from:
Differential in rates on foreign earnings	(11)	%	(37)	%	(25)	%
Change in valuation allowance	(16)	%	14	%	(9)	%
Change in liabilities for uncertain tax positions	—	%	6	%	1	%
Non-deductible stock-based compensation	(2)	%	(8)	%	(8)	%
Permanent differences	(2)	%	11	%	(6)	%
Adjustments related to tax positions taken during prior years	—	%	6	%	(1)	%
Other	(2)	%	(3)	%	3	%
Effective tax rate	(12)	%	10	%	(24)	%

The Company operates in multiple jurisdictions and its profits are taxed pursuant to the tax laws of these jurisdictions. The Company’s effective income tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to geographical mix of income and losses, full valuation allowance against U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets, foreign withholding taxes and income taxes on earnings from operations in foreign tax jurisdictions. The Company’s effective income tax rate may be affected by changes in its interpretations of tax laws and tax agreements in any given jurisdiction, utilization of net operating loss and tax credit carry forwards, changes in geographical mix of income and expense, and changes in management's assessment of matters such as the ability to realize deferred tax assets, as well as one-time discrete items. During fiscal 2019, the Company recorded a one-time benefit of approximately $2.0 million due to changes in the Company's global tax structure, and a $0.8 million benefit from a valuation allowance release for one of its foreign subsidiaries. This release of the valuation allowance was due to changes in forecasted taxable income resulting from the Company receiving a favorable tax ruling during 2019.

The components of deferred taxes included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Deferred tax assets:
Reserves and accruals	$	21,823	$	20,622
Net operating loss carryforwards	39,733		33,811
Research and development credit carryforwards	38,179		36,914
Deferred stock-based compensation	1,202		1,675
Intangibles	7,838		8,224
Operating lease liabilities	7,822		8,892
Capitalized research and development expenses	10,805		10,897
Other	442		—
Gross deferred tax assets	127,844		121,035
Valuation allowance	(99,585)		(95,518)
Gross deferred tax assets after valuation allowance	28,259		25,517
Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation	(6,399)		(1,272)
Convertible notes	(4,708)		(6,275)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	(6,529)		(7,076)
Other	—		(319)
Gross deferred tax liabilities	(17,636)		(14,942)
Net deferred tax assets	$	10,623	$	10,575

The following table summarizes the activities related to the Company’s valuation allowance:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	95,518	$	77,144	$	77,756
Additions	6,690		23,929		928
Deductions	(2,623)		(5,555)		(1,540)
Balance at end of period	$	99,585	$	95,518	$	77,144

Management regularly assesses the ability to realize deferred tax assets recorded based upon the weight of available evidence, including such factors as recent earnings history and expected future taxable income on a jurisdiction by jurisdiction basis. In the event that the Company changes its determination as to the amount of realizable deferred tax assets, the Company will adjust its valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made.

On July 27, 2015, the U.S. Tax Court issued an opinion in Altera Corp. v. Commissioner, 145 T.C. No.3 (2015), concluding that parties in an intercompany cost-sharing arrangement are not required to share stock-based compensation expenses. On June 7, 2019, the Ninth Circuit overturned the earlier Tax Court decision and ruled to include share-based compensation in the cost sharing pool. On July 22, 2019, Altera Corp. filed a petition for an en banc rehearing before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which was denied on November 12, 2019. Altera filed a petition for a writ of certiorari on February 10, 2020 asking the Supreme Court to review the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals' decision which was denied on June 22, 2020. The Company has not changed its historical position of including share-based compensation in the cost base consistent with the Ninth Circuit’s ruling.

As of December 31, 2020, the Company had $137.1 million, $70.4 million, $28.1 million and $35.0 million of foreign, U.S. federal, California state, and other U.S. states’ net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards, respectively. Certain foreign NOL carryforwards expire beginning in 2027, if not utilized, while the majority of the foreign NOLs carryforward indefinitely. $37.8 million of the U.S. federal NOL carryforward expires at various dates beginning in 2021 through 2037, if not utilized, and the remainder carries forward indefinitely. The California NOL carryforward expires at various dates beginning in 2029 through 2040, if not utilized.

As of December 31, 2020, the Company had U.S. federal and California state tax credit carryforwards of $14.4 million and $36.5 million, respectively. If not utilized, the U.S. federal tax credit carryforwards will begin to expire in 2031, while the California tax credit carryforward will not expire.

The Company has not provided U.S. state income taxes and foreign withholding taxes on approximately $33.7 million of cumulative earnings for certain non-U.S. subsidiaries, because such earnings are intended to be indefinitely reinvested. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability for temporary differences related to investments in these non-U.S. subsidiaries that are essentially permanent in duration is not practicable.

The Company applies the provisions of the applicable accounting guidance regarding accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, which require application of a more-likely-than-not threshold to the recognition and derecognition of uncertain tax positions. If the recognition threshold is met, the applicable accounting guidance permits the recognition of a tax benefit measured at the largest amount of such tax benefit that, in the Company’s judgment, is more than fifty percent likely to be realized upon settlement. It further requires that a change in judgment related to the expected ultimate resolution of uncertain tax positions to be recognized in earnings in the period in which such determination is made. The Company will continue to review its tax positions and provide for, or reverse, unrecognized tax benefits as issues arise. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had $16.2 million of unrecognized future tax benefits that would favorably impact the effective tax rate in future periods if recognized. The following table summarizes the activities related to the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits:


	Year ended December 31,
(in millions)	2020		2019		2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	17.0	$	18.0	$	18.8
Increase in balance related to tax positions taken during current year	0.3		0.2		1.0
Decrease in balance as a result of a lapse of the applicable statutes of limitations	—		(0.1)		(0.1)
Decrease in balance due to settlement with tax authorities	—		—		(1.6)
Increase in balance related to tax positions taken during prior years	0.3		—		0.2
Decrease in balance related to tax positions taken during prior years	—		(1.1)		(0.3)
Balance at end of period	$	17.6	$	17.0	$	18.0

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax positions in income tax expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The net interest and penalties charges recorded for the years ended December 31, 2018 through 2020, were not material.

The 2017 through 2020 tax years generally remain subject to examination by U.S. federal and most state tax authorities. In addition, the Company remains subject to income tax examination for several other jurisdictions, including in Switzerland for years after 2015, Israel for years after 2014, and France for years after 2016.

On March 27, 2020, the “Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act” was signed into law. The new legislation includes a number of income tax provisions applicable to individuals and businesses. The Company recognized the effect of the tax law changes in the period of enactment, such as the reclassification of the long-term receivable of $0.5 million for the alternative minimum tax credit refund to short-term receivable.

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Net Loss Per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

NET LOSS PER SHARE

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders for the applicable period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive shares, consisting of outstanding stock options, restricted stock units, ESPP awards, warrants, and the Company’s convertible notes, are excluded from the net loss per share computations when their effect is anti-dilutive.

The diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, as the effect of inclusion of potential common shares outstanding would have been anti-dilutive due to the Company’s net losses for the years presented.

The following table sets forth the potential weighted common shares outstanding that were excluded from the diluted net loss per share computations:


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020	2019	2018
2020 Notes	312	1,322	—
2022 Notes	192	n/a	n/a
Stock options	1,603	2,568	3,327
Restricted stock units	3,041	2,955	2,997
Stock purchase rights under the ESPP	531	478	609
Warrants (1)	—	4,321	1,268
Total	5,679	11,644	8,201

(1) Refer to Note 16, “Warrants,” for additional information.

The Company applies the treasury stock method to determine the potential dilutive effect of the 2020 Notes, 2022 Notes, and 2024 Notes on net earnings per share as a result of the Company's intent and stated policy to settle the principal amount of the 2020 Notes, 2022 Notes, and 2024 Notes in cash. The 2020 Notes, 2022 Notes, and 2024 Notes are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share under the treasury stock method for the periods when their respective conversion prices exceeded the average market price for the Company's common stock.

Under the if-converted method, the 2022 Notes and the 2024 Notes have potential dilutive effect of 6.6 million shares and 13.3 million shares, respectively. Refer to Note 11, “Convertible Notes, Other Debts and Finance Leases,” for additional information on the 2022 Notes and the 2024 Notes.

Warrants	12 Months Ended
Warrants	Dec. 31, 2020
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
Warrants Disclosure	WARRANTS On September 26, 2016, the Company granted a warrant to purchase shares of common stock (the “Warrant”) to Comcast pursuant to which Comcast may, subject to certain vesting provisions, purchase up to 7,816,162 shares of the Company’s common stock subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms of the Warrant, for a per share exercise price of $4.76. Prior to the third quarter of fiscal 2019, Comcast had vested in 1,954,042 Warrant shares as a result of the achievement of certain milestones. On July 8 2019, in connection with the election by Comcast of enterprise licensing pricing for the Company’s CableOS software, the Company deemed that all of the remaining milestones and thresholds required to fulfill each of the vesting requirements of the Warrant were satisfied and achieved or otherwise waived such that all Warrant shares were fully vested and exercisable as of July 1, 2019. The remaining terms of the Warrant have not been modified or amended. The total fair value of the fully vested Warrants as of July 1, 2019 was $20.0 million, which includes $3.9 million in fair value for the Warrant shares which were vested prior to July 2019. The fair value of the Warrant that vested in connection with the CableOS software license agreement was estimated to be $16.1 million on July 8, 2019, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes model included the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and expected life in years. The risk-free interest rate was based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve rates with maturity terms similar to the expected life of the Warrant, which was determined to be 1.9%. Expected volatility was determined utilizing historical volatility over a period of time equal to the expected life of the Warrant, which was determined to be 48.6%. Expected life was equal to the remaining contractual term of the Warrant, which was determined to be 4.2 years. The dividend yield was assumed to be zero since the Company had not historically declared dividends and did not have any plans to declare dividends in the future. The fair value of the Warrant was recorded as a component of “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” and “Other non-current assets” with a corresponding offset to “Additional paid-in capital” on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. This asset is being amortized as a reduction to the Company’s revenue, based on the recognition pattern of the related transaction price. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded $1.7 million, $13.6 million and $1.2 million, respectively, as a reduction to net revenues in connection with amortization of the Warrant. On December 17, 2019, Comcast exercised the Warrant in its entirety, resulting in a net issuance of 3,217,547 shares.

Segment Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

SEGMENT INFORMATION, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION AND CUSTOMER CONCENTRATION

Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities for which separate financial information is available and evaluated by the Company’s CODM, which for the Company is its Chief Executive Officer, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. Based on the internal reporting structure, the Company consists of two operating segments: Video and Cable Access. The operating segments were determined based on the nature of the products offered. The Video segment provides video processing and production and playout solutions and services worldwide to broadcast and media companies, streaming new media companies, cable operators, and satellite and telco Pay-TV service providers. The Cable Access segment provides CableOS cable access solutions and related services to cable operators globally. A measure of assets by segment is not applicable as segment assets are not included in the discrete financial information provided to the CODM.

The following table provides summary financial information by reportable segment:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Video
Revenue	$	242,510	$	278,028	$	313,828
Gross profit	132,092		162,156		178,170
Operating income	1,326		15,837		26,170
Cable Access
Revenue	$	136,321	$	124,846	$	89,730
Gross profit	66,661		68,548		39,029
Operating income (loss)	11,651		22,171		(1,756)
Total
Revenue	$	378,831	$	402,874	$	403,558
Gross profit	$	198,753	$	230,704	$	217,199
Operating income	$	12,977	$	38,008	$	24,414

A reconciliation of the Company’s consolidated segment operating income to consolidated loss before income taxes:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Total segment operating income	$	12,977	$	38,008	$	24,414
Unallocated corporate expenses (1)	(3,416)		(4,532)		(3,769)
Stock-based compensation	(18,040)		(12,074)		(17,289)
Amortization of intangibles	(3,970)		(8,319)		(8,367)
Consolidated income (loss) from operations	(12,449)		13,083		(5,011)
Loss on convertible debt extinguishment	(1,362)		(5,695)		—
Non-operating expense, net	(12,406)		(13,984)		(11,937)
Loss before income taxes	$	(26,217)	$	(6,596)	$	(16,948)

(1) Together with amortization of intangibles and stock-based compensation, the Company does not allocate restructuring and related charges and certain other non-recurring charges to the operating income for each segment because management does not include this information in the measurement of the performance of the operating segments.

Geographic Information


Net revenue (1):	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
United States	$	191,854	$	202,272	$	181,965
Other countries	186,977		200,602		221,593
Total	$	378,831	$	402,874	$	403,558

(1) Revenue is attributed to countries based on the location of the customer.

Other than the U.S., no single country accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.


Property and equipment, net:	As of December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
United States	$	31,017	$	13,301
Israel	8,803		5,919
France	2,461		2,615
Other countries	860		1,093
Total	$	43,141	$	22,928

Customer Concentration

Net revenue from Comcast accounted for 20%, 23% and 15% of total revenue during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

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Cash and Cash Equivalents

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Dec. 31, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Bank Guarantees and Standby Letters of Credit As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company has outstanding bank guarantees and standby letters of credit in aggregate of $3.3 million and $2.7 million, respectively, consisting of building leases and performance bonds issued to customers. There were no revolving borrowings under the Credit Agreement from the closing of the Credit Agreement through December 31, 2020. During 2017, one of the Company’s subsidiaries entered into a $2.0 million credit facility with a foreign bank for the purpose of issuing performance guarantees. The credit facility is secured by a $2.3 million guarantee issued by the Company. There were no amounts outstanding under this credit facility as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. Indemnification The Company is obligated to indemnify its officers and its directors pursuant to its bylaws and contractual indemnity agreements. The Company also indemnifies some of its suppliers and most of its customers for specified intellectual property matters pursuant to certain contractual arrangements, subject to certain limitations. The scope of these indemnities varies, but, in some instances, includes indemnification for damages and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees). There have been no amounts accrued in respect of the indemnification provisions through December 31, 2020. Purchase Commitments As of December 31, 2020, the Company had approximately $49.9 million of commitments to purchase goods and services.

Legal Proceedings	12 Months Ended
Legal Proceedings	Dec. 31, 2020
Loss Contingency [Abstract]
Legal Proceedings	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS In October 2011, Avid Technology, Inc. (“Avid”) filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that Harmonic’s Media Grid product infringes two patents held by Avid. A jury trial on this complaint commenced on January 23, 2014 and, on February 4, 2014, the jury returned a unanimous verdict in favor of us, rejecting Avid’s infringement allegations in their entirety. In January 2015, Avid filed an appeal with respect to the jury’s verdict with the Federal Circuit. In January 2016, the Federal Circuit issued an order vacating the verdict of non-infringement and remanding the case to the trial court for a new trial on infringement. In June 2012, Avid served a subsequent complaint in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that the Company’s Spectrum product infringes one patent held by Avid. The complaint sought injunctive relief and unspecified damages. In September 2013, the U.S. Patent Trial and Appeal Board (“PTAB”) authorized an inter partes review to be instituted as to claims 1-16 of the patent asserted in this second complaint. In July 2014, the PTAB issued a decision finding claims 1-10 invalid and claims 11-16 not invalid. We filed an appeal with respect to the PTAB’s decision on claims 11-16 in September 2014, and the Federal Circuit affirmed the PTAB’s decision in April 2016. In July 2017, the court issued a scheduling order consolidating both cases and setting the trial date for November 6, 2017. On October 19, 2017, the parties agreed to settle the consolidated cases by entering into a settlement and patent portfolio cross-license agreement, and the cases were dismissed with prejudice. In connection with the agreement, the Company recorded a $6.0 million litigation settlement expense in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the Company’s 2017 Consolidated Statements of Operations. Of the associated $6.0 million settlement liability, $2.5 million was paid in October 2017, $1.5 million was paid in April 2019 and $2.0 million was paid in the third quarter of 2020. From time to time, the Company is involved in lawsuits as well as subject to various legal proceedings, claims, threats of litigation, and investigations in the ordinary course of business, including claims of alleged infringement of third-party patents and other intellectual property rights, commercial, employment, and other matters. The Company assesses potential liabilities in connection with each lawsuit and threatened lawsuits and accrues an estimated loss for these loss contingencies if both of the following conditions are met: information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that it is probable that a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. While certain matters to which the Company is a party specify the damages claimed, such claims may not represent reasonably probable losses. Given the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be predicted at this time, nor can the amount of possible loss or range of loss, if any, be reasonably estimated.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Harmonic include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company’s fiscal quarters are based on 13-week periods, except for the fourth quarter which ends on December 31.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s reported financial positions or results of operations may be materially different under changed conditions or when using different estimates and assumptions, particularly with respect to significant accounting policies. If estimates or assumptions differ from actual results, subsequent periods are adjusted to reflect more current information.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications did not have a material impact on previously reported financial statements.

Beginning in fiscal 2019, the Company changed the classification of total revenue and cost of revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations from the two previous categories, “Product” and “Service,” to two new categories, “Appliance and integration” and “SaaS and service.” The Company has also adjusted revenue and cost of revenue retrospectively into the two new categories for all prior periods to conform to the current period’s presentation. This reclassification within revenue and cost of revenue did not have an impact on total revenue, cost of revenue or segment revenue for any periods presented.

Cash and cash equivalents include all cash and highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments.

Investments in Equity Securities

From time to time, the Company may acquire certain equity investments for the promotion of business and strategic objectives and these investments may be in marketable equity securities or non-marketable equity securities. The Company accounts for its equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. For equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values, the Company measures these investments at cost minus impairment, if any.

The Company’s total investments in equity securities of privately held companies were $3.6 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company’s equity investments are classified as long-term investments and reported as a component of “Other non-current assets” on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Credit Risk and Major Customers/Supplier Concentration

Financial instruments which subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, and accounts receivable. Cash and cash equivalents are invested in short-term, highly liquid, investment-grade obligations of commercial or governmental issuers, in accordance with the Company’s investment policy. The investment policy limits the amount of credit exposure to any one financial institution, commercial or governmental issuer.

The Company’s accounts receivable are derived from sales to worldwide cable, satellite, telco, and broadcast and media companies. The Company generally does not require collateral from its customers, and performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and provides for expected losses. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon the expected collectability of its accounts receivable. One customer had a balance greater than 10% of the Company’s net accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, Comcast is the only customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenue.

Certain of the components and subassemblies included in the Company’s products are obtained from a single source or a limited group of suppliers. Although the Company seeks to reduce dependence on those sole source and limited source suppliers, the partial or complete loss of certain of these sources could have at least a temporary adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and damage customer relationships.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s principal sources of revenue are from the sale of hardware, software, hardware and software maintenance contracts, and end-to-end solutions, encompassing design, manufacture, test, integration and installation of products. The Company also derives recurring revenue from subscriptions, which are comprised of subscription fees from customers utilizing the Company’s cloud-based video processing solutions.

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using the following five steps:

a) Identify the contract(s) with a customer;

b) Identify the performance obligations in the contract;

c) Determine the transaction price;

d) Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

e) Recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

A contract contains a promise (or promises) to transfer goods or services to a customer. A performance obligation is a promise (or a group of promises) that is distinct. The transaction price is the amount of consideration a Company expects to be entitled to from a customer in exchange for providing the goods or services.

The unit of account for revenue recognition is a performance obligation. A contract may contain one or more performance obligations, including hardware, software, professional services and support and maintenance. Performance obligations are accounted for separately if they are distinct. A good or service is distinct if the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer, and the good or service is distinct in the context of the contract. Otherwise performance obligations will be combined with other promised goods or services until the Company identifies a bundle of goods or services that is distinct.

The transaction price is allocated to all the separate performance obligations in an arrangement. It reflects the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring goods or services, which may include an estimate of variable consideration to the extent that it is probable of not being subject to significant reversals in the future based on the Company’s experience with similar arrangements. The transaction price also reflects the impact of the time value of money if there is a significant financing component present in an arrangement. The transaction price excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties, such as sales taxes.

Revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies each performance obligation by transferring control of the promised goods or services to the customer. Goods or services can transfer at a point in time or over time depending on the nature of the arrangement.

Refer to Note 3, “Revenue,” for additional information.

Professional services. Revenue from professional services is recognized over time, on the percentage-of-completion basis using the input method.

Support and maintenance. Support and maintenance services are satisfied ratably over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (determined on first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value. The cost of inventories is comprised of material and manufacturing labor and overheads. The Company establishes provisions for excess and obsolete inventories to reduce such inventories to their estimated net realizable value after evaluation of historical sales, future demand and market conditions, expected product life cycles and current inventory levels. Such provisions are charged to cost of revenue in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Capitalized Software Development Costs

Internal-use software. The Company capitalizes costs associated with internally developed and/or purchased software systems for internal use that have reached the application development stage. Capitalized costs include external direct costs of materials and services utilized in developing or obtaining internal-use software and payroll and payroll-related expenses for employees who are directly associated with and devote time to the internal-use software project. Capitalization of such costs begins when the preliminary project stage is complete and ceases no later than the point at which the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended purpose. These capitalized costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life, generally three years.

During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company capitalized $2.3 million, $1.1 million and $0.9 million, respectively, of its software development costs related to the development of its SaaS offerings.

Capitalized Software Implementation Costs

In a hosting arrangement that is a service contract, the Company capitalizes costs for implementation activities in the application development stage depending on the nature of the costs. The costs incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages are expensed as the activities are performed. The costs capitalized are expensed over the term of the hosting arrangement, which is the fixed, non-cancelable term of the arrangement, plus any reasonably certain renewal periods. The capitalized implementation costs are included in “Other non-current assets” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the amortization expense related to these costs are primarily included in “Selling, general and administrative” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The payments for capitalized implementation costs are included as operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

During the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2018, the capitalized software implementation costs were immaterial. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company capitalized $3.6 million of its software implementation costs.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Estimated useful lives are generally, five years for furniture and fixtures, three years for software and four years for machinery and equipment. Depreciation for leasehold improvements are computed using the shorter of the remaining useful lives of the assets or the lease term of the respective assets.

Goodwill

As of December 31, 2020, the Company had goodwill of $243.7 million which represents the difference between the purchase price and the estimated fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company tests for goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset is more likely than not impaired. The Company has two reporting units, which are the same as its operating segments.

On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) using the prospective approach. The ASU eliminates step two from the goodwill impairment test. Under ASU No. 2017-04, the Company will recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value up to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. There was no impairment of goodwill resulting from the Company’s fiscal 2020 annual impairment testing.

Refer to Note 7, “Goodwill,” for additional information.

Long-lived Assets

Long-lived assets represent property and equipment and purchased intangible assets. Purchased intangible assets from business combinations and asset acquisitions include customer contracts, trademarks and trade names, and maintenance agreements and related relationships, the amortization of which is charged to general and administrative expenses, and core technology and developed technology, the amortization of which is charged to cost of revenue. The Company evaluates the recoverability of intangible assets and other long-lived assets when indicators of impairment are present. When impairment indicators are present, the Company evaluates the recoverability of intangible assets and other long-lived assets on the basis of undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of each asset group and its eventual disposition. If the undiscounted expected future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized in order to write down the carrying value of the asset to its estimated fair market value. There were no impairment charges for long-lived assets in the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.

Leases

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842, Leases (“Topic 842”), using the modified retrospective method, applying Topic 842 to all leases existing at the date of initial application. The Company elected to use the effective date as the date of initial application. Consequently, prior period balances and disclosures have not been restated. The Company elected certain practical expedients, which among other things, allowed the Company to carry forward prior conclusions about lease identification and classification.

Refer to Note 4, “Leases,” for additional information.

Foreign Currency

The functional currency of the Company’s Israeli and Swiss subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. All other foreign subsidiaries use the respective local currency as the functional currency. When the local currency is the functional currency, gains and losses from translation of these foreign currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are recorded as a separate component of other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity.

The Company’s foreign currency exposure is also related to its net position of monetary assets and monetary liabilities held by its foreign subsidiaries in their nonfunctional currencies. These monetary assets and liabilities are being remeasured into the subsidiaries’ respective functional currencies using exchange rates as of the balance sheet date. Such remeasurement gains and losses are included in “Other expense, net” in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded remeasurement losses of approximately $1.0 million, $1.5 million and $0.6 million, respectively.

Derivative Instruments

The Company enters into derivative instruments, primarily foreign currency forward contracts, to minimize the short-term impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities as well as certain foreign currencies denominated expenses. The Company does not enter into derivative instruments for trading purposes and these derivatives generally have maturities within three months.

The derivative instruments are recorded at fair value in prepaid expenses and other current assets or accrued and other current liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company enters into derivative instruments to hedge existing foreign currency denominated assets or liabilities, the gains or losses on these hedges are recorded immediately in earnings to offset the changes in the fair value of the assets or liabilities being hedged.

Research and Development

Research and development (“R&D”) costs are expensed as incurred and consists primarily of employee salaries and related expenses, contractors and outside consultants, supplies and materials, equipment depreciation and facilities costs, all associated with the design and development of new products and enhancements of existing products.

The Company’s French subsidiary participates in the French Crédit d’Impôt Recherche (“CIR”) program which allows companies to monetize eligible research expenses. The R&D tax credits receivable from the French government for spending on innovative R&D under the CIR program is recorded as an offset to R&D expenses. In the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company had R&D tax credits of $4.5 million, $4.7 million and $5.9 million, respectively.

Restructuring and Related Charges

The Company’s restructuring charges consist primarily of employee severance, one-time termination benefits related to the reduction of its workforce, and other costs. Liabilities for costs associated with a restructuring activity are recognized when the liability is incurred and are measured at fair value. One-time termination benefits are expensed at the date the entity notifies the employee, unless the employee must provide future service, in which case the benefits are expensed ratably over the future service period. Termination benefits are calculated based on regional benefit practices and local statutory requirements.

Refer to Note 10, “Restructuring and Related Charges,” for additional information.

Warranty

The Company accrues for estimated warranty costs at the time of revenue recognition and records such accrued liabilities as part of cost of revenue. Management periodically reviews its warranty liability and adjusts the accrued liability based on the terms of warranties provided to customers, historical and anticipated warranty claims experience, and estimates of the timing and cost of warranty claims.

Advertising Expenses

Advertising ExpensesAll advertising costs are expensed as incurred and included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Advertising expense was $1.1 million, $0.7 million and $1.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Stock-based Compensation Expense

Stock-based Compensation

The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards made to employees, including stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and stock purchase rights under the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), based upon the grant-date fair value of those awards. The Company recognizes the impact of forfeitures as they occur.

The fair value of the Company’s stock options and stock purchase rights under ESPP is estimated at grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of the Company’s RSUs and performance-based RSUs (“PRSUs”) is calculated based on the market value of the Company’s stock at the grant date. The fair value of the Company’s market-based RSUs (“MRSUs”) is estimated using the Monte-Carlo valuation model with market vesting conditions.

The Company recognizes the stock-based compensation for options, RSUs, MRSUs and stock purchase rights under ESPP on straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period. The Company recognizes the stock-based compensation for PRSUs based on the probability of achieving performance criteria defined in the PRSU agreements. The Company estimates the number of PRSUs ultimately expected to vest and recognizes expense using the graded vesting attribution method over the requisite service period. Changes in the estimates related to probability of achieving certain performance criteria and number of PRSUs expected to vest could significantly affect the related stock-based compensation expense from one period to the next.

Valuation Assumptions


	December 31,
		2020		2019		2018
Expected term (in years)		0.50		0.50		0.50
Volatility		56	%	38	%	55	%
Risk-free interest rate		0.9	%	2.3	%	1.9	%
Expected dividends		0.0	%	0.0	%	0.0	%

Pension Plan

Under French law, the Company’s subsidiary in France is obligated to provide for a defined benefit plan to its employees upon their retirement from the Company. The Company’s defined benefit pension plan in France is unfunded.

The Company records its obligations relating to the pension plans based on calculations which include various actuarial assumptions including employees’ age and period of service with the company; projected mortality rates, mobility rates and increases in salaries; and a discount rate. The Company reviews its actuarial assumptions on an annual basis as of December 31 (or more frequently if a significant event requiring remeasurement occurs) and modifies the assumptions based on current rates and trends when it is appropriate to do so. The Company believes that the assumptions utilized in recording its obligations under its pension plan are reasonable based on its experience, market conditions and input from its actuaries.

The Company accounts for the actuarial gains (losses) in accordance with ASC 715, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits.” If the net accumulated gain or loss exceeds 10% of the projected plan benefit obligation, a portion of the net gain or loss is amortized and included in expense for the following year based upon the average remaining service period of active plan participants, unless the Company’s policy is to recognize all actuarial gains (losses) when they occur. The Company elected to defer actuarial gains (losses) in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). As of December 31, 2020, the Company did not meet the 10% threshold, and therefore no amortization of 2020 actuarial gain would be recorded in 2021.

Refer to Note 12, “Employee Benefit Plans and Stock-based Compensation-French Pension Plan,” for additional information.

Income Taxes

In preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements, the Company estimates the income taxes for each of the jurisdictions in which the Company operates. This involves estimating the Company’s current tax expense and assessing temporary and permanent differences resulting from differing treatment of items, such as reserves and accruals, for tax and accounting purposes. These temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company’s income tax policy is to record the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and amounts reported in the Company’s accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, as well as operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The Company follows the guidelines set forth in the applicable accounting guidance regarding the recoverability of any tax assets recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and provides any necessary allowances as required. Determining necessary allowances requires the Company to make assessments about the timing of future events, including the probability of expected future taxable income and available tax planning opportunities. A history of operating losses in recent years has led to uncertainty with respect to our ability to realize certain of our net deferred tax assets, and as a result we applied a full valuation allowance against our U.S. net deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2020. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates or the Company adjusts these estimates in future periods, the Company’s operating results, and financial position could be materially affected.

The Company is subject to examination of its income tax returns by various tax authorities on a periodic basis. The Company regularly assesses the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from such examinations to determine the adequacy of its provision for income taxes. The Company has applied the provisions of the applicable accounting guidance on accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, which requires application of a more-likely-than-not threshold to the recognition and de-recognition of uncertain tax positions. If the recognition threshold is met, the applicable accounting guidance permits the Company to recognize a tax benefit measured at the largest amount of tax benefit that, in the Company’s judgment, is more than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement. It further requires that a change in judgment related to the expected ultimate resolution of uncertain tax positions be recognized in earnings in the period of such change.

The Company files annual income tax returns in multiple taxing jurisdictions around the world. A number of years may elapse before an uncertain tax position is audited and finally resolved. While it is often difficult to predict the final outcome or the timing of resolution of any particular uncertain tax position, the Company believes that its reserves for income taxes reflect the most likely outcome. The Company adjusts these reserves and penalties, as well as the related interest, in light of changing facts and circumstances. Changes in the Company’s assessment of its uncertain tax positions or settlement of any particular position could materially and adversely impact the Company’s income tax rate, operating results, financial position and cash flows.Management regularly assesses the ability to realize deferred tax assets recorded based upon the weight of available evidence, including such factors as recent earnings history and expected future taxable income on a jurisdiction by jurisdiction basis. In the event that the Company changes its determination as to the amount of realizable deferred tax assets, the Company will adjust its valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made.The Company has not provided U.S. state income taxes and foreign withholding taxes on approximately $33.7 million of cumulative earnings for certain non-U.S. subsidiaries, because such earnings are intended to be indefinitely reinvested. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability for temporary differences related to investments in these non-U.S. subsidiaries that are essentially permanent in duration is not practicable.The Company applies the provisions of the applicable accounting guidance regarding accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, which require application of a more-likely-than-not threshold to the recognition and derecognition of uncertain tax positions. If the recognition threshold is met, the applicable accounting guidance permits the recognition of a tax benefit measured at the largest amount of such tax benefit that, in the Company’s judgment, is more than fifty percent likely to be realized upon settlement. It further requires that a change in judgment related to the expected ultimate resolution of uncertain tax positions to be recognized in earnings in the period in which such determination is made. The Company will continue to review its tax positions and provide for, or reverse, unrecognized tax benefits as issues arise.The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax positions in income tax expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities for which separate financial information is available and is evaluated by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), which for the Company is its Chief Executive Officer, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company has two operating segments: Video and Cable Access.

Segment Information

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For trade receivables and other instruments, the Company is required to use a new forward-looking “expected loss” model.

The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350)

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. The new ASU removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test and requires the assessment of fair value of individual assets and liabilities of a reporting unit to measure goodwill impairments. Goodwill impairment will then be the amount by which a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value.

The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, and the adoption did not have an impact on its consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, which removes, modifies and adds to the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date.

The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2019-08, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Codification Improvements—Share-Based Consideration Payable to a Customer

In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-08, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Codification Improvements - Share-Based Consideration Payable to a Customer, which clarifies guidance on measurement and classification of share-based payments to customers.

The Company adopted this new standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2018-14, Compensation – Retirement Benefits – Defined Benefits Plans- General (Subtopic 715-20)

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General Subtopic 715-20 - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. This new standard, which is designed to improve the effectiveness of disclosures by removing and adding disclosures related to defined benefit plans. The new ASU is effective for the Company for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020, and early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this new standard in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and associated disclosures.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments and contracts on an entity’s own equity. Among other changes, ASU No. 2020-06 removes from U.S. GAAP the liability and equity separation model for convertible instruments with a cash conversion feature, and as a result, after adoption, entities will no longer separately present in equity an embedded conversion feature for such debt. Similarly, the embedded conversion feature will no longer be amortized into income as interest expense over the life of the instrument. Instead, entities will account for a convertible debt instrument wholly as debt unless (1) a convertible instrument contains features that require bifurcation as a derivative under ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, or (2) a convertible debt instrument was issued at a substantial premium. Among other potential impacts, this change is expected to reduce reported interest expense, increase reported net income, and result in a reclassification of certain conversion feature balance sheet amounts from stockholders’ equity to liabilities as it relates to the Company’s convertible senior notes. Additionally, ASU No. 2020-06 requires the application of the if-converted method to calculate the impact of convertible instruments on diluted earnings per share (EPS), which would result in an increase in diluted shares for purposes of calculating diluted EPS for the Company. The new ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted after December 15, 2020. Adoption of the new ASU can either be on a modified retrospective or full retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the timing, method of adoption and overall impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-01, to clarify certain interactions between the guidance to account for equity securities, the guidance to account for investments under the equity method of accounting, and the guidance to account for derivatives and hedging. The new ASU clarifies the application of measurement alternatives and the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options to acquire investments. The new ASU is effective for the Company for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2021, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

Revenue (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Contract with Customer, Asset and Liability

Contract assets and deferred revenue consisted of the following:


	As of December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Contract assets	$	9,800	$	13,969
Deferred revenue	63,533		43,450

Capitalized Contract Cost

The balances of net capitalized contract costs included in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
Balance Sheet Location	2020		2019
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	1,581	$	1,309
Other non-current assets	1,287		722
Total net capitalized contract costs	$	2,868	$	2,031

Leases (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Leases [Abstract]

Lease, Cost

The components of lease expense are as follows:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Operating lease cost	$	8,369	$	9,574
Variable lease cost	2,675		3,232
Total lease cost	$	11,044	$	12,806

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases are as follows:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	9,584	$	9,702
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$	5,414	$	12,032

Other information related to leases are as follows:


	Year ended December 31,
	2020		2019
Operating leases
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)	7		7
Weighted-average discount rate	7.1	%	7.1	%

Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Maturity

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):


Years ending December 31,
2021	$	7,682
2022	6,297
2023	5,535
2024	5,148
2025	4,900
Thereafter	13,136
Total future minimum lease payments	$	42,698
Less: imputed interest	(9,273)



Total lease liability balance	$	33,425

Derivative and Hedging Activities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Notional Amounts of Outstanding Derivative Positions


	As of December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Purchase	$	11,426	$	14,806
Sell	$	—	$	2,629

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value Based on Three-Tier Fair Value Hierarchy

The Company's financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:


	December 31, 2020								December 31, 2019
	Carrying		Fair Value						Carrying		Fair Value
(in thousands)	Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
2020 Notes	n/a		n/a		n/a		n/a		$	43,785	$	—	$	66,844	$	—
2022 Notes	$	35,925	$	—	$	54,204	$	—	n/a		n/a		n/a		n/a
2024 Notes	$	93,582	$	—	$	125,953	$	—	$	88,629	$	—	$	131,887	$	—
French and other loans	$	21,835	$	—	$	21,835	$	—	$	17,153	$	—	$	17,153	$	—

Goodwill (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Changes in Carrying Amount of Goodwill

The changes in the Company’s carrying amount of goodwill are as follows:


(in thousands)	Video		Cable Access		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	179,839	$	60,779	$	240,618
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(857)		19		(838)
Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	178,982	$	60,798	$	239,780
Foreign currency translation adjustment	3,873		21		3,894
Balance as of December 31, 2020	$	182,855	$	60,819	$	243,674

Accounts Receivable (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Receivables [Abstract]

Accounts Receivable, Net of Allowances

Accounts receivable, net of allowances, consisted of the following:


	As of December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Accounts receivable, net:
Accounts receivable	$	68,295	$	91,513
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns	(2,068)		(3,013)
Total	$	66,227	$	88,500

Allowance for for doubtful accounts and sales returns

The following table is a summary of activities in allowances for doubtful accounts and sales returns:


(in thousands)	Balance at Beginning of Period		Charges to Revenue		Charges (Credits) to Expense		Additions to (Deductions from) Reserves		Balance at End of Period
Year ended December 31,
2020	$	3,013	$	1,367	$	299	$	(2,611)	$	2,068
2019	$	3,497	$	1,896	$	(396)	$	(1,984)	$	3,013
2018	$	4,631	$	1,949	$	572	$	(3,655)	$	3,497

Certain Balance Sheet Components (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Balance Sheet Related Disclosures [Abstract]

Inventories


Inventories:	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Raw materials	$	2,529	$	4,179
Work-in-process	1,689		1,633
Finished goods	22,777		14,080
Service-related spares	8,036		9,150
Total	$	35,031	$	29,042

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets


Prepaid expenses and other current assets:	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Prepaid expenses	$	11,453	$	3,050
Contract assets (1)	9,800		13,969
Other current assets	16,879		23,743
Total	$	38,132	$	40,762

(1) Contract assets reflect the satisfied performance obligations for which the Company does not yet have an unconditional right to consideration.

Property and Equipment


Property and equipment, net:	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Machinery and equipment	$	72,731	$	75,229
Capitalized software	37,141		34,190
Leasehold improvements*	38,718		15,170
Furniture and fixtures	2,913		6,036
Construction-in-progress	2,209		5,506
Property and equipment, gross	153,712		136,131
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	(110,571)		(113,203)
Total	$	43,141	$	22,928

*During fiscal 2020, the Company completed construction of $23.9 million leasehold improvements for the new headquarters facility.

Accrued and other current liabilities


Other current liabilities:	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Accrued employee compensation and related expenses	$	23,131	$	19,454
Other	27,202		35,426
Total	$	50,333	$	54,880

Restructuring and Asset Impairment Charges (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]

Schedule of Restructuring Reserve by Type of Cost [Table Text Block]

The following table summarizes the activities related to the Company’s restructuring plans during the year ended December 31, 2020:



(in thousands)	Excess facilities		Severance and Benefits		French VDP		Other		Total
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	720	$	3,294	$	806	$	30	$	4,850
Charges for current period	—		3,278		91		47		3,416
Cash payments	(720)		(2,367)		(862)		(77)		(4,026)
Other	—		(107)		(35)		—		(142)
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	—	$	4,098	$	—	$	—	$	4,098

Convertible Notes, Debts and Finance Leases (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Schedule of Maturities of Long-term Debt

Schedule of Debt


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Financing from French government agencies related to various government incentive programs (1)	$	14,974	$	16,566
Relief loans (2)	6,694		—
Term loans	167		587
Obligations under finance leases	22		71
Total debt obligations	21,857		17,224
Less: current portion	(11,771)		(6,713)
Long-term portion	$	10,086	$	10,511

(2) Refer to the below section “Relief Loans” for the description of these loans.

The table below presents the future minimum repayments of debts and finance lease obligations in France as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands):


Years ending December 31,	Finance lease obligations		Other Debt obligations
2021	$	22	$	11,749
2022	—		5,420
2023	—		3,856
2024	—		184
2025	—		626

Total	$	22	$	21,835

Convertible Note due 2022 [Member]

Schedule of Carrying Values and Estimated Fair Values of Debt Instruments

The following table presents the components of the 2022 Notes:


(in thousands, except for years and percentages)	As of December 31, 2020

Liability:
Principal amount	$	37,707
Less: Debt discount, net of amortization	(1,357)
Less: Debt issuance costs, net of amortization	(425)
Carrying amount	$	35,925


Remaining amortization period (years)	1.9
Effective interest rate on liability component	6.95	%

Convertible Interest Expense Recognized

The following table presents interest expense recognized for the 2022 Notes:


(in thousands)	Year ended December 31, 2020

Contractual interest expense	$	953
Amortization of debt discount	373
Amortization of debt issuance costs	117
Total interest expense recognized	$	1,443

Convertible Note due 2024 [Member]

Schedule of Carrying Values and Estimated Fair Values of Debt Instruments

The following table presents the components of the 2024 Notes:


	As of December 31,
(in thousands, except for years and percentages)	2020			2019
Liability:
Principal amount	$	115,500		$	115,500
Less: Debt discount, net of amortization	(19,294)			(23,652)
Less: Debt issuance costs, net of amortization	(2,624)			(3,219)
Carrying amount	$	93,582		$	88,629


Remaining amortization period (years)	3.7			4.7
Effective interest rate on liability component	7.95		%	7.95		%

Convertible Interest Expense Recognized

The following table presents interest expense recognized for the 2024 Notes:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Contractual interest expense	$	2,310	$	687
Amortization of debt discount	4,358		1,226
Amortization of debt issuance costs	595		166
Total interest expense recognized	$	7,263	$	2,079

Convertible Note due 2020 [Member]

Convertible Interest Expense Recognized

The following table presents interest expense recognized for the 2020 Notes:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Contractual interest expense	$	936	$	4,148	$	5,130
Amortization of debt discount	1,158		4,787		5,408
Amortization of debt issuance costs	138		577		652
Total interest expense recognized	$	2,232	$	9,512	$	11,190

Employee Benefit Plans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Summary of Stock Options Outstanding


(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Exercise Price (per share)
Balance at December 31, 2019	1,888	$	5.83
Exercised	(177)	5.53
Canceled	(258)	6.19
Balance at December 31, 2020	1,453	$	5.80

Summary of Restricted Stock Units Outstanding


(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share
Balance at December 31, 2019	3,601	$	5.18
Granted	2,966	5.86
Vested	(2,869)	5.39
Forfeited	(430)	4.65
Balance at December 31, 2020	3,268	$	5.67

Schedule of Defined Benefit Plans Disclosures

The Company’s pension obligations as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 and the changes to the Company’s pension obligations for each of those years were as follows:


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Projected benefit obligation:
Balance at January 1	$	5,259	$	4,881
Service cost	252		227
Interest cost	37		78
Actuarial losses	159		206
Benefits paid	(173)		(31)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	523		(102)
Balance at December 31	$	6,057	$	5,259

Presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets under:
Current portion (presented under “Accrued and other current liabilities”)	$	47	$	30
Long-term portion (presented under “Other non-current liabilities”)	$	6,010	$	5,229

Components of Net Periodic Benefit Costs

The table below presents the components of net periodic benefit costs:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Service cost	$	252	$	227
Interest cost	37		78

Net periodic benefit cost included in operating loss	$	289	$	305

Schedule of Pension Obligations Assumptions Used

The following assumptions were used in determining the Company’s pension obligation:


	December 31,
	2020		2019
Discount rate	0.4	%	0.7	%
Mobility rate	5.2	%	5.0	%
Salary progression rate	2.0	%	2.0	%

Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments

As of December 31, 2020, future benefits expected to be paid in each of the next five years, and in the aggregate for the five-year period thereafter are as follows (in thousands):


Years ending December 31,
2021	$	46
2022	—
2023	341
2024	254
2025	480
2026 - 2030	3,465
Total	$	4,586

Schedule of Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs

The following table sets forth the detailed allocation of the share-based compensation expense which was included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Share-based compensation expense included in:
Cost of revenue	$	1,712	$	1,124	$	1,953
Research and development expense	4,850		3,261		5,192
Selling, general and administrative expense	11,478		7,689		10,144
Total	$	18,040	$	12,074	$	17,289

Share-based compensation expense by type of award:
Stock options	—		94		670
RSUs	11,522		9,444		8,901
PRSUs	4,022		924		6,075
MRSUs	711		286		222
Employee stock purchase rights under ESPP	1,785		1,326		1,421
Total	$	18,040	$	12,074	$	17,289

Valuation Assumptions for Stock Options

At the date of grant, the Company estimated the fair value of each stock purchase right granted under the ESPP using the following weighted average assumptions:


	December 31,
		2020		2019		2018
Expected term (in years)		0.50		0.50		0.50
Volatility		56	%	38	%	55	%
Risk-free interest rate		0.9	%	2.3	%	1.9	%
Expected dividends		0.0	%	0.0	%	0.0	%

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The components of AOCI, on an after-tax basis where applicable, were as follows:


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$	5,774	$	(3,306)


Actuarial gain	82		241
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	$	5,856	$	(3,065)

Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income (Loss) Before Income Tax Provision


Loss before income tax:	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
United States	$	(42,905)	$	1,769	$	(19,780)
International	16,688		(8,365)		2,832
Loss before income taxes	$	(26,217)	$	(6,596)	$	(16,948)

Provision for Income Taxes


Provision for (benefit from) income taxes:	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Current:
Federal	$	124	$	(180)	$	(305)
State	93		108		116
International	2,103		1,525		2,958
Deferred:


International	734		(2,125)		1,318
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$	3,054	$	(672)	$	4,087


Effective tax rate			(12)		%				10		%				(24)		%

Reconciliation of Provision for Income Taxes


	Year ended December 31,
	2020		2019		2018
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate	21	%	21	%	21	%
Increase (reduction) in rate resulting from:
Differential in rates on foreign earnings	(11)	%	(37)	%	(25)	%
Change in valuation allowance	(16)	%	14	%	(9)	%
Change in liabilities for uncertain tax positions	—	%	6	%	1	%
Non-deductible stock-based compensation	(2)	%	(8)	%	(8)	%
Permanent differences	(2)	%	11	%	(6)	%
Adjustments related to tax positions taken during prior years	—	%	6	%	(1)	%
Other	(2)	%	(3)	%	3	%
Effective tax rate	(12)	%	10	%	(24)	%

Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The components of deferred taxes included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
Deferred tax assets:
Reserves and accruals	$	21,823	$	20,622
Net operating loss carryforwards	39,733		33,811
Research and development credit carryforwards	38,179		36,914
Deferred stock-based compensation	1,202		1,675
Intangibles	7,838		8,224
Operating lease liabilities	7,822		8,892
Capitalized research and development expenses	10,805		10,897
Other	442		—
Gross deferred tax assets	127,844		121,035
Valuation allowance	(99,585)		(95,518)
Gross deferred tax assets after valuation allowance	28,259		25,517
Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation	(6,399)		(1,272)
Convertible notes	(4,708)		(6,275)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	(6,529)		(7,076)
Other	—		(319)
Gross deferred tax liabilities	(17,636)		(14,942)
Net deferred tax assets	$	10,623	$	10,575

The following table summarizes the activities related to the Company’s valuation allowance:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	95,518	$	77,144	$	77,756
Additions	6,690		23,929		928
Deductions	(2,623)		(5,555)		(1,540)
Balance at end of period	$	99,585	$	95,518	$	77,144

The following table summarizes the activities related to the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits:


	Year ended December 31,
(in millions)	2020		2019		2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	17.0	$	18.0	$	18.8
Increase in balance related to tax positions taken during current year	0.3		0.2		1.0
Decrease in balance as a result of a lapse of the applicable statutes of limitations	—		(0.1)		(0.1)
Decrease in balance due to settlement with tax authorities	—		—		(1.6)
Increase in balance related to tax positions taken during prior years	0.3		—		0.2
Decrease in balance related to tax positions taken during prior years	—		(1.1)		(0.3)
Balance at end of period	$	17.6	$	17.0	$	18.0

Net Loss Per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the potential weighted common shares outstanding that were excluded from the diluted net loss per share computations:


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2020	2019	2018
2020 Notes	312	1,322	—
2022 Notes	192	n/a	n/a
Stock options	1,603	2,568	3,327
Restricted stock units	3,041	2,955	2,997
Stock purchase rights under the ESPP	531	478	609
Warrants (1)	—	4,321	1,268
Total	5,679	11,644	8,201

Segment Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Summary of Revenue by Product Type

The following table provides summary financial information by reportable segment:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Video
Revenue	$	242,510	$	278,028	$	313,828
Gross profit	132,092		162,156		178,170
Operating income	1,326		15,837		26,170
Cable Access
Revenue	$	136,321	$	124,846	$	89,730
Gross profit	66,661		68,548		39,029
Operating income (loss)	11,651		22,171		(1,756)
Total
Revenue	$	378,831	$	402,874	$	403,558
Gross profit	$	198,753	$	230,704	$	217,199
Operating income	$	12,977	$	38,008	$	24,414

Reconciliation of Operating Profit (Loss) from Segments to Consolidated [Table Text Block]

A reconciliation of the Company’s consolidated segment operating income to consolidated loss before income taxes:


	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Total segment operating income	$	12,977	$	38,008	$	24,414
Unallocated corporate expenses (1)	(3,416)		(4,532)		(3,769)
Stock-based compensation	(18,040)		(12,074)		(17,289)
Amortization of intangibles	(3,970)		(8,319)		(8,367)
Consolidated income (loss) from operations	(12,449)		13,083		(5,011)
Loss on convertible debt extinguishment	(1,362)		(5,695)		—
Non-operating expense, net	(12,406)		(13,984)		(11,937)
Loss before income taxes	$	(26,217)	$	(6,596)	$	(16,948)

Summary of Revenue, Property and Equipment, Net by Geographic Region


Net revenue (1):	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
United States	$	191,854	$	202,272	$	181,965
Other countries	186,977		200,602		221,593
Total	$	378,831	$	402,874	$	403,558

(1) Revenue is attributed to countries based on the location of the customer.

Other than the U.S., no single country accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.

^[1]

Reconciliation of Assets from Segment to Consolidated [Table Text Block]


Property and equipment, net:	As of December 31,
(in thousands)	2020		2019
United States	$	31,017	$	13,301
Israel	8,803		5,919
France	2,461		2,615
Other countries	860		1,093
Total	$	43,141	$	22,928

[1]	Revenue is attributed to countries based on the location of the customer.

Description of Business (Details)	12 Months Ended
Description of Business (Details)	Dec. 31, 2020 segment
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Number of reportable segments	2

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) segment Customer ReportingUnit	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) Customer	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Cash and cash equivalents maximum maturity		three months
Investments in Equity Securities of Privately Held Companies		$ 3,600	$ 3,600
Capitalized Software Development Costs for Software Sold to Customers		2,300	1,100	$ 900
Hosting Arrangement, Service Contract, Implementation Cost, Capitalized, before Accumulated Amortization			3,600
Goodwill		$ 243,674	239,780	240,618
Number of reporting units \| ReportingUnit		2
Goodwill, Impairment Loss		$ 0
Impairment of Intangible Assets, Finite-lived		0	0	0
Advertising expense		$ 1,100	700	1,000
Net Accumulated Gain or Loss as a Percentage of Projected Plan Benefit Obligation		10.00%
More Likely Than Not Threshold Recognition of Uncertain Tax Position		50.00%
Number of reportable segments \| segment		2
Furniture and Fixtures [Member]
Property, plant and equipment estimated useful life		5 years
Internal Use Software [Member]
Property, plant and equipment estimated useful life		3 years
Machinery and Equipment [Member]
Property, plant and equipment estimated useful life		4 years
Leasehold Improvements [Member]
Property, plant and equipment leasehold improvements useful lives		shorter of the remaining useful lives of the assets or the lease term of the respective assets
Leaseholds and Leasehold Improvements [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract		1 year
Leaseholds and Leasehold Improvements [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract		10 years
Capitalized software [Member]
Property, plant and equipment estimated useful life		3 years
Foreign Exchange Forward [Member]
Derivative, Term of Contract		3 months
Foreign Exchange Forward [Member] \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument, Trading [Member]
Foreign Currency Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments at Fair Value, Net		$ 0
TVN [Member]
Research and Development Tax Credits Receivables from French Government		4,500	4,700	5,900
Other Expense [Member]
Remeasurement Losses, Reporting Currency Denominated, Value		$ 1,000	$ 1,500	$ 600
Forecast [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Actuarial Gain (Loss), Immediate Recognition as Component in Net Periodic Benefit (Cost) Credit	$ 0
Comcast [Member] \| Accounts Receivable [Member] \| Customer Concentration Risk [Member]
Number Of Customers Accounting For More Than Ten Percent of Net Accounts Receivable \| Customer		1	1
Entity-wide revenue, major customer, revenue or accounts receivable percentage		10.00%	10.00%
Comcast [Member] \| Net Revenue [Member]
Entity-wide revenue, major customer, revenue or accounts receivable percentage		10.00%	10.00%	10.00%
Comcast [Member] \| Net Revenue [Member] \| Customer Concentration Risk [Member]
Entity-wide revenue, major customer, revenue or accounts receivable percentage		20.00%	23.00%	15.00%

Revenue Narratives (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Revenue Narratives (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Contract with Customer, Liability, Revenue Recognized	$ 36.2	$ 41.1
Capitalized Contract Cost, Amortization	$ 1.6	$ 1.5	$ 1.3
Revenue, Practical Expedient, Incremental Cost of Obtaining Contract [true false]	true
Revenue, Practical Expedient, Financing Component [true false]	true
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Optional Exemption, Performance Obligation [true false]	true
Maximum [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Capitalized Contract Cost, Amortization Period	1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Optional Exemption, Remaining Duration	1 year
Support and Maintenance Contracts [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Optional Exemption, Remaining Duration	1 year
Comcast CableOS Software License Agreement [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Amount	$ 77.6
Significant Financing Component Revenue with Customer [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Optional Exemption, Remaining Duration	1 year

Revenue - Contract Assets and Deferred Revenue Schedule (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]

Contract assets

^[1]

$ 9,800

$ 13,969

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member]

Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]

Contract assets

9,800

13,969

Other Noncurrent Liabilities [Member]

Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]

Deferred revenue

$ 63,533

$ 43,450

[1]	Contract assets reflect the satisfied performance obligations for which the Company does not yet have an unconditional right to consideration.

Revenue - Net Capitalized Contract Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Capitalized Contract Cost, Net	$ 2,868	$ 2,031
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member]
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Capitalized Contract Cost, Net	1,581	1,309
Other Noncurrent Assets [Member]
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Capitalized Contract Cost, Net	$ 1,287	$ 722

Revenue Additional Information (Details)	Dec. 31, 2020
Comcast CableOS Software License Agreement [Member] \| Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2021-01-01
Revenue Recognition, Multiple-deliverable Arrangements [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Period	2 years 6 months

Leases - Narratives (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Leases - Narratives (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lease, Practical Expedients, Package [true false]	true
Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Operating Lease Liability	$ 5,414	$ 12,032
Operating lease liabilities, current	7,354	8,881
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent	$ 26,071	$ 25,766
Lease, Practical Expedient, Lessor Single Lease Component [true false]	true
Minimum [Member] \| Leaseholds and Leasehold Improvements [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract	1 year
Maximum [Member] \| Leaseholds and Leasehold Improvements [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract	10 years
Initial Lease Term Threshold Not Capitalized as Operating Lease	12 months
Other Noncurrent Liabilities [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Operating Lease Liability	$ 4,100
Accrued Liabilities [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Operating Lease Liability	$ 1,300

Leases - Disclosure Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Leases [Abstract]
Operating Lease, Cost	$ 8,369	$ 9,574
Variable Lease, Cost	2,675	3,232
Total lease cost	11,044	12,806
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	9,584	9,702
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$ 5,414	$ 12,032
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)	7 years	7 years
Weighted-average discount rate	7.10%	7.10%

Lease - Future Minimum Lease Payments under Non-cancellable Operating Leases (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
2021	$ 7,682
2022	6,297
2023	5,535
2024	5,148
2025	4,900
Thereafter	13,136
Total future minimum lease payments	42,698
Less: imputed interest	(9,273)
Total	$ 33,425
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent

Derivative and Hedging Activities Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] \| Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (loss) recorded in other expense, net	$ 2,200	$ 1,400	$ (2,300)
Foreign Exchange Forward [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative, Term of Contract	3 months
Fair Value Hedging [Member] \| Foreign Exchange Forward [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative, Term of Contract	3 months
ISRAEL
Derivative [Line Items]
Compensating Balance, Amount	$ 1,000	$ 1,000

Derivative and Hedging Activities - Notional Values (Details) - Foreign Exchange Forward [Member] - Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Long [Member]
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Purchase	$ 11,426	$ 14,806
Short [Member]
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Sell	$ 0	$ 2,629

Fair Value Measurements of financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Convertible notes, short-term	$ 0	$ 43,375
Notes Carrying amount	129,507	88,629
French loans Carrying Amount	21,835	17,153
Fair Value, Nonrecurring [Member] \| Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
French Loans, Fair Value Disclosure	21,835	17,153
Convertible Note due 2020 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Convertible notes, short-term		43,785
Convertible Note due 2020 [Member] \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring [Member] \| Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Convertible Debt, Fair Value Disclosures		66,844
Convertible Note due 2022 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Notes Carrying amount	35,925
Convertible Note due 2022 [Member] \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring [Member] \| Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Convertible Debt, Fair Value Disclosures	54,204
Convertible Note due 2024 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Notes Carrying amount	93,582	88,629
Convertible Note due 2024 [Member] \| Fair Value, Nonrecurring [Member] \| Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Convertible Debt, Fair Value Disclosures	$ 125,953	$ 131,887

Fair Value Measurements - Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value Based on Three-Tier Fair Value Hierarchy (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value Of Assets And Liabilities Measured On Non Recurring Basis [Line Items]
Total assets measured and recorded at fair value	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Total liabilities measured and recorded at fair value	0	0	$ 0
French Voluntary Departure Plan [Member]
Fair Value Of Assets And Liabilities Measured On Non Recurring Basis [Line Items]
Postemployment Benefits Liability	$ 6,100	$ 5,300

Goodwill Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Goodwill Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) ReportingUnit
Goodwill [Line Items]
Number of reporting units \| ReportingUnit	2
Goodwill, Impairment Loss \| $	$ 0.0

Goodwill - Changes in Carrying Amount of Goodwill (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Goodwill [Line Items]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 239,780	$ 240,618
Foreign currency translation adjustment	3,894	(838)
Balance at end of period	243,674	239,780
Video [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Balance at beginning of period	178,982	179,839
Foreign currency translation adjustment	3,873	(857)
Balance at end of period	182,855	178,982
Cable Access [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Balance at beginning of period	60,798	60,779
Foreign currency translation adjustment	21	19
Balance at end of period	$ 60,819	$ 60,798

Accounts Receivable - Accounts Receivable, Net of Allowances (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Receivables [Abstract]
Accounts receivable	$ 68,295	$ 91,513
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns	(2,068)	(3,013)
Accounts Receivable, Net, Current, Total	$ 66,227	$ 88,500

Accounts Receivable - Summary of Activity in Allowances for Doubtful Accounts, Returns and Discounts (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Receivables [Abstract]
Balance at Beginning of Period	$ 3,013	$ 3,497	$ 4,631
Charges to Revenue	1,367	1,896	1,949
Credits to Expense		(396)
Charges (Credits) to Expense	299		572
Additions to (Deductions from) Reserves	(2,611)	(1,984)	(3,655)
Balance at End of Period	$ 2,068	$ 3,013	$ 3,497

Certain Balance Sheet Components - Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Raw materials	$ 2,529	$ 4,179
Work-in-process	1,689	1,633
Finished goods	22,777	14,080
Service-related spares	8,036	9,150
Inventories	$ 35,031	$ 29,042

Certain Balance Sheet Components - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Prepaid Expense, Current

$ 11,453

$ 3,050

Contract assets (1)

^[1]

9,800

13,969

Other current assets

16,879

23,743

Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Total

$ 38,132

$ 40,762

[1]	Contract assets reflect the satisfied performance obligations for which the Company does not yet have an unconditional right to consideration.

Certain Balance Sheet Components - Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Accumulated Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization, Property, Plant, and Equipment

$ 153,712

$ 136,131

(110,571)

(113,203)

Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

43,141

22,928

Machinery and Equipment [Member]

Capitalized software [Member]

72,731

75,229

Leasehold Improvements [Member]

37,141

34,190

Furniture and Fixtures [Member]

^[1]

38,718

15,170

Construction in Progress [Member]

2,913

6,036

$ 2,209

$ 5,506

[1]	During fiscal 2020, the Company completed construction of $23.9 million leasehold improvements for the new headquarters facility

Certain Balance Sheet Components - Narratives (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 153,712	$ 136,131
Leasehold Improvements [Member] \| Harmonic Headquarter Lease Commencing May 2019 [Member]
Condensed Financial Statements, Captions [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	$ 23,900

Certain Balance Sheet Components - Accrued and other current liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Accrued employee compensation and related expenses	$ 23,131	$ 19,454
Other	27,202	35,426
Total	$ 50,333	$ 54,880

Restructuring and Asset Impairment Charges - Schedule of Restructuring Costs By Type (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring Reserve	$ 4,850
Charges for current period	3,416
Cash payments	(4,026)
Restructuring Reserve, Translation and Other Adjustment	(142)
Restructuring Reserve	4,098
Excess Facilities [Member]
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring Reserve	720
Charges for current period	0
Cash payments	(720)
Restructuring Reserve, Translation and Other Adjustment	0
Restructuring Reserve	0
Severance and benefits [Member]
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring Reserve	3,294
Charges for current period	3,278
Cash payments	(2,367)
Restructuring Reserve, Translation and Other Adjustment	(107)
Restructuring Reserve	4,098
French Voluntary Departure Plan [Member]
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring Reserve	806
Charges for current period	91
Cash payments	(862)
Restructuring Reserve, Translation and Other Adjustment	(35)
Restructuring Reserve	0
Other Restructuring [Member]
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring Reserve	30
Charges for current period	47
Cash payments	(77)
Restructuring Reserve, Translation and Other Adjustment	0
Restructuring Reserve	$ 0

Restructuring and Asset Impairment Charges - Additional Information (Detail) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	$ 3,416
Cost of Sales [Member]
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	1,100
Operating expense [Member]
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	$ 2,300

Convertible Notes, Debts and Finance Leases - Additional Information (Detail)

1 Months Ended

3 Months Ended

6 Months Ended

9 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Apr. 30, 2020

CHF (SFr)

Dec. 31, 2020

USD ($)

$ / shares

Sep. 25, 2020

USD ($)

$ / shares

Sep. 27, 2019

USD ($)

$ / shares

Jun. 26, 2020

USD ($)

Jun. 26, 2020

EUR (€)

Sep. 27, 2019

USD ($)

$ / shares

Dec. 31, 2020

USD ($)

day

$ / shares

Dec. 31, 2019

USD ($)

day

$ / shares

Dec. 31, 2018

USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2015

USD ($)

Common Stock, Par Value Per Share | $ / shares

$ 0.001

Reclassification from APIC to Convertible Debt in Mezzanine Equity

$ 1,362,000

$ 5,695,000

$ 0

$ 0

2,410,000

Repayments of Convertible Debt

7,999,000

109,603,000

$ 0

Loans Payable to Bank

^[1]

14,974,000

16,566,000

Societe Generale S.A. [Member]

^[2]

6,694,000

Debt Instrument Term, Option to Extend

0.51%

Proceeds from Loans | €

€ 5,000,000

Debt Instrument, Term

12 months

5 years

UBS Switzerland AG [Member]

$ 6,100,000

Proceeds from Loans | SFr

0.00%

SFr 500,000

Debt Instrument, Term

5 years

Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | JPMORGAN CHASE BANK N.A. [Member]

$ 600,000

Line of Credit Facility, Current Borrowing Capacity

2.00%

$ 0

Line of Credit Facility, Fair Value of Amount Outstanding

Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Maximum [Member] | JPMORGAN CHASE BANK N.A. [Member]

Line of Credit Facility, Current Borrowing Capacity

25,000,000.0

$ 25,000,000.0

One Month LIBOR [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | JPMORGAN CHASE BANK N.A. [Member]

Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate

1 month

2.50%

Two Month LIBOR [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | JPMORGAN CHASE BANK N.A. [Member]

Three Month LIBOR [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | JPMORGAN CHASE BANK N.A. [Member]

2 months

LIBOR for interest period of one, two or three months [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | JPMORGAN CHASE BANK N.A. [Member]

3 months

Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate

3.00%

TVN [Member]

Loans Backed By French Research And Development Tax Credit Receivables [Member] | TVN [Member]

Income Taxes Receivable

$ 21,500,000

Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate

0.60%

Loans Payable to Bank

$ 13,600,000

15,100,000

1.30%

Loans Backed By French Research And Development Tax Credit Receivables [Member] | TVN [Member] | Euribor Future [Member]

Loans From French Government For R&D Innovation Projects [Member]

1 month

Convertible Note due 2022 [Member]

Loans Payable to Bank

$ 1,400,000

1,500,000

4.375%

Common Stock, Par Value Per Share | $ / shares

$ 37,707,000

$ 37,700,000

$ 37,707,000

$ 0.001

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Ratio

173.9978

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price | $ / shares

$ 1,000

$ 5.75

Fair value of 2022 Notes used to settle 2020 Notes

$ 44,400,000

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Carrying Amount of Equity Component

8,300,000

Convertible Debt

36,000,000.0

Debt Instrument, Unamortized Discount

$ 1,357,000

1,700,000

$ 1,357,000

Other Significant Noncash Transaction, Value of Consideration Received

37,700,000

Convertible Note due 2022 [Member] | Stock price greater or equal 130 percent of Note Conversion Price [Member]

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Trading Days | day

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Consecutive Trading Days | day

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Percentage of Stock Price Trigger

130.00%

Convertible Note due 2022 [Member] | Note price less than 98 percent of stock price times conversion rate [Member]

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Trading Days | day

$ 1,000

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Consecutive Trading Days | day

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Percentage of Stock Price Trigger

98.00%

Convertible Note due 2022 [Member] | Upon occurrence of specified corporate events [Member]

Convertible Note due 2024 [Member]

$ 1,000

2.00%

Common Stock, Par Value Per Share | $ / shares

115,500,000

$ 115,500,000

115,500,000

$ 0.001

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Ratio

115.5001

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price | $ / shares

$ 1,000

$ 8.66

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Carrying Amount of Equity Component

$ 24,900,000

Debt Instrument, Unamortized Discount

19,294,000

$ 19,294,000

$ 23,652,000

Convertible Note due 2020 [Member]

4.00%

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Ratio

8,100,000

$ 128,250,000

173.9978

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price | $ / shares

$ 1,000

$ 5.75

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Carrying Amount of Equity Component

$ 26,100,000

Debt Instrument, Repurchase Amount

$ 109,600,000

Other Significant Noncash Transaction, Value of Consideration Received

500,000

800,000

$ 37,700,000

Convertible Note due 2020 [Member] | Stock price greater or equal 130 percent of Note Conversion Price [Member]

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Trading Days | day

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Consecutive Trading Days | day

Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Percentage of Stock Price Trigger

130.00%

Convertible Note due 2020 [Member] | Maximum [Member]

Convertible Debt [Member] | Convertible Note due 2020 [Member]

$ 45,800,000

Convertible Debt [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member] | Convertible Note due 2020 [Member] | Privately Negotiated Transactions [Member]

$ 5,700,000

Extinguishment of Debt, Amount

82,500,000

Convertible Debt [Member] | Additional Paid-in Capital [Member] | Convertible Note due 2020 [Member] | Privately Negotiated Transactions [Member]

Extinguishment of Debt, Amount

$ 27,100,000

Convertible Debt Settled in Cash and Company's Stocks [Member] | Convertible Note due 2020 [Member]

Repayments of Convertible Debt

7,800,000

Convertible Debt Settled in Cash [Member] | Convertible Note due 2020 [Member]

Repayments of Convertible Debt

$ 300,000

[1]

Loans backed by French R&D tax credit receivables were $13.6 million and $15.1 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, the French subsidiary had an aggregate of $21.5 million of R&D tax credit receivables from the French government from 2021 through 2024. These tax loans have a fixed rate of 0.6%, plus EURIBOR 1 month plus 1.3% and mature between 2021 through 2023. The remaining loans of $1.4 million and $1.5 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, primarily relate to financial support from French government agencies for R&D innovation projects at minimal interest rates, and the loans outstanding at December 31, 2020 mature between 2021 through 2025.

[2]

Refer to the below section “Relief Loans” for the description of these loans.

Convertible Notes, Debts and Finance Leases - Convertible Roll Forwards Notes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 25, 2020	Jun. 26, 2020
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Notes Carrying amount	$ 129,507	$ 88,629
Convertible Note due 2022 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount	37,707			$ 37,700
Less: Debt discount, net of amortization	(1,357)			$ (1,700)
Less: Debt issuance costs, net of amortization	(425)
Notes Carrying amount	$ 35,925
Remaining amortization period (years)	1 year 10 months 24 days
Effective interest rate on liability component	6.95%
Convertible Note due 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount	$ 115,500	115,500	$ 115,500
Less: Debt discount, net of amortization	(19,294)	(23,652)
Less: Debt issuance costs, net of amortization	(2,624)	(3,219)
Notes Carrying amount	$ 93,582	$ 88,629
Remaining amortization period (years)	3 years 8 months 12 days	4 years 8 months 12 days
Effective interest rate on liability component	7.95%	7.95%

Convertible Notes, Debts and Finance Leases - Interest (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Convertible Note due 2022 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Contractual interest expense	$ 953
Amortization of Debt Discount	373
Amortization of debt issuance costs	117
Total interest expense recognized	1,443
Convertible Note due 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Contractual interest expense	2,310	$ 687
Amortization of Debt Discount	4,358	1,226
Amortization of debt issuance costs	595	166
Total interest expense recognized	7,263	2,079
Convertible Note due 2020 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Contractual interest expense	936	4,148	$ 5,130
Amortization of Debt Discount	1,158	4,787	5,408
Amortization of debt issuance costs	138	577	652
Total interest expense recognized	$ 2,232	$ 9,512	$ 11,190

Convertible Notes, Debts and Finance Leases (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Financing from French government agencies related to various government incentive programs (1)

^[1]

$ 14,974

$ 16,566

Obligations under finance leases

^[2]

6,694

Term loans

167

587

Total debt obligations

21,857

17,224

Less: current portion

(11,771)

(6,713)

Long-term portion

$ 10,086

$ 10,511

[1]

[2]

Refer to the below section “Relief Loans” for the description of these loans.

Convertible Notes, Debts and Finance Leases - Debt Maturities (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Capital Lease Obligations 2021	$ 22
Capital lease obligation 2022	0
Capital Lease Obligations 2023	0
Capital Lease Obligations 2024	0
Capital Lease Obligations 2025	0
Capital Lease Obligations Total	22
Other debt obligations 2021	11,749
Other Debt Obligations 2022	5,420
Other Debt Obligations 2023	3,856
Other Debt Obligations 2024	184
Other Debt Obligations 2025	626
Other Debt Obligations Total	$ 21,835

Employee Benefit Plans - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Intrinsic value of options exercised		$ 200	$ 1,800	$ 300
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense		18,040	12,074	17,289
Payments of Dividends		$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross		0	0	0
Fair value of options vested		$ 0	$ 100	$ 700
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term		1 year 2 months 12 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value		$ 2,400
Vested and expected to vest, number of shares		1,453,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Number		1,453,000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Price at which stock options or ESPP may be granted		85.00%
Common stock reserved for issuance		1,208,449
ESPP Employee Percentage of Payroll Deductions, Minimum		1.00%
ESPP Employee Percentage of Payroll Deductions, Maximum		10.00%
Common stock issued under the 2002 ESPP		1,036,543	1,037,366	1,132,438
Stock contributions value under 2002 ESPP		$ 4,500	$ 4,100	$ 4,000
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense		$ 1,785	$ 1,326	$ 1,421
Discount Percentage On Purchase Of Stock		15.00%
Value Of Stock Purchase Right Percentage Of Put Option		15.00%
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		$ 1.80	$ 1.33	$ 1.33
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period		2,966,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period		2,869,000
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense		$ 11,522	$ 9,444	$ 8,901
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Fair Value		15,500	$ 9,700	15,600
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount		$ 12,800
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition		1 year 6 months 29 days
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		$ 5.86
Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price		$ 5.80	$ 5.83
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense		$ 0	$ 94	670
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Exercise of Option, Tax Benefit		$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
1995 Stock Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Price at which stock options or ESPP may be granted		100.00%
Expiration period		7 years
Common stock reserved for issuance		11,149,423
Shares available for grant		6,622,440
1995 Stock Plan [Member] \| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price		$ 0
1995 Stock Plan [Member] \| Incentive Stock Option or Non-statutory Stock Option with Exercise Price less than 100% Fair Value of Common Stock on Grant Date [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Gross		0
1995 Stock Plan [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period		2 years
1995 Stock Plan [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period		4 years
2002 Director Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Price at which stock options or ESPP may be granted		100.00%
Common stock reserved for issuance		497,974
Shares available for grant		303,814
2002 Director Plan [Member] \| Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price		$ 0
Vesting period		1 year
2002 Director Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period		3 years
Expiration period		7 years
TVN [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Payment for Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits		$ 0
Forecast [Member] \| TVN [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Payment for Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits	$ 0

Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Company's Stock Option (Detail) - Stock Options Outstanding [Member] shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020 $ / shares shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of Shares, Beginning balance \| shares	1,888
Number of Shares, Options exercised \| shares	(177)
Number of Shares, Canceled or expired \| shares	(258)
Number of Shares, Ending balance \| shares	1,453
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Beginning balance \| $ / shares	$ 5.83
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options exercised \| $ / shares	5.53
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Canceled or Expired \| $ / shares	6.19
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Ending balance \| $ / shares	$ 5.80

Employee Benefit Plans - Summary of Restricted Stock Units Outstanding (Detail) - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020 $ / shares shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of Shares, RSUs outstanding, Beginning Balance \| shares	3,601
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share, RSUs outstanding, Beginning Balance \| $ / shares	$ 5.18
Number of Shares, Granted RSUs outstanding \| shares	2,966
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share, Granted RSUs outstanding \| $ / shares	$ 5.86
Number of Shares, Vested, RSUs outstanding \| shares	(2,869)
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share, Vested, RSUs outstanding \| $ / shares	$ 5.39
Number of shares, Forfeited, RSUs outstanding \| shares	(430)
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share, Forfeited, RSUs outstanding \| $ / shares	$ 4.65
Number of Shares, RSUs outstanding, Ending Balance \| shares	3,268
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share, RSUs outstanding, Ending Balance \| $ / shares	$ 5.67

Employee Benefit Plans - Pension Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Projected benefit obligation, Beginning Balance	$ 5,259	$ 4,881
Service cost	252	227
Interest cost	37	78
Actuarial losses	159	206
Benefits paid	(173)	(31)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	523	(102)
Projected benefit obligation, Ending Balance	6,057	5,259
Accrued and other current liabilities
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Current portion (presented under “Accrued and other current liabilities”)	47	30
Other Noncurrent Liabilities [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Long-term portion (presented under “Other non-current liabilities”)	$ 6,010	$ 5,229

Employee Benefit Plans And Stock-Based Compensation Employee Benefit Plans - Components of Net Periodic Benefit Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Postemployment Benefits [Abstract]
Service cost	$ 252	$ 227
Interest cost	37	78
Net periodic benefit cost included in operating loss	$ 289	$ 305

Employee Benefits - Pension Obligations Assumptions (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Discount rate	0.40%	0.70%
Mobility rate	5.20%	5.00%
Salary progression rate	2.00%	2.00%

Employee Benefit Plans - Expected Future Benefits (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
2021	$ 46
2022	0
2023	341
2024	254
2025	480
2026 - 2030	3,465
Defined Benefit Plan Expected Future Benefit Payments	$ 4,586

Employee Benefits Plans - Summary of Stock-Based Compensation Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	$ 18,040	$ 12,074	$ 17,289
Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	0	94	670
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	11,522	9,444	8,901
PRSUs [Member]
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	4,022	924	6,075
MRSUs [Member]
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	711	286	222
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	1,785	1,326	1,421
Cost of Sales [Member]
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	1,712	1,124	1,953
Research and Development Expense [Member]
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	4,850	3,261	5,192
Selling General And Administrative Expense [Member]
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	$ 11,478	$ 7,689	$ 10,144

Employee Benefits Plan - Stock-Based Compensation - Valuation Assumptions (Details) - Employee Stock Purchase Plan	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	6 months	6 months	6 months
Volatility	56.00%	38.00%	55.00%
Risk-free interest rate	0.90%	2.30%	1.90%
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%

Stockholders' Equity - Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Equity [Abstract]
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$ 5,774	$ (3,306)
Actuarial gain	82	241
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss	$ 5,856	$ (3,065)

Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.

Income Taxes - Income (Loss) Before Income Tax Provision (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
United States	$ (42,905)	$ 1,769	$ (19,780)
International	16,688	(8,365)	2,832
Loss before income taxes	$ (26,217)	$ (6,596)	$ (16,948)

Income Taxes - Provision for Income Taxes (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Current:
Federal	$ 124	$ (180)	$ (305)
State	93	108	116
International	2,103	1,525	2,958
Deferred:
International	734	(2,125)	1,318
Total provision for (benefit from) income taxes	$ 3,054	$ (672)	$ 4,087
Effective tax rate	(12.00%)	10.00%	(24.00%)

Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]

Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Provision for Income Taxes (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
Differential in rates on foreign earnings	(11.00%)	(37.00%)	(25.00%)
Change in valuation allowance	(16.00%)	14.00%	(9.00%)
Change in liabilities for uncertain tax positions	0.00%	6.00%	1.00%
Non-deductible stock-based compensation	(2.00%)	(8.00%)	(8.00%)
Permanent differences	(2.00%)	11.00%	(6.00%)
Adjustments related to tax positions taken during prior years	0.00%	6.00%	(1.00%)
Other	(2.00%)	(3.00%)	3.00%
Effective tax rate	(12.00%)	10.00%	(24.00%)

Income Taxes - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Foreign Income Tax Rate Differential, Amount		$ 2.0
Cumulative Undistributed Earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries intended to be indefinitely reinvested	$ 33.7
More Likely Than Not Threshold Recognition of Uncertain Tax Position	50.00%
Unrecognized future tax benefits that would favorably impact future effective tax rate if recognized	$ 16.2
Alternative Minimum Tax Credit Refund	0.5
Foreign [Member]
Benefit from a Valuation Allowance Release		$ 0.8
Operating Loss Carryforwards	137.1
U.S. Federal [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards	70.4
Tax credit carryovers	$ 14.4
Year that federal tax credits expire	Jan. 01, 2031
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) NOL carryforward expire between 2021 through 2037 [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards	$ 37.8
California Franchise Tax Board [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards	28.1
Tax credit carryovers	$ 36.5
Tax credit expiration	will not expire
State [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards	$ 35.0
Certain Foreign NOLs
Operating loss carryforwards, expiration date	Jan. 01, 2027
Minimum [Member] \| U.S. Federal [Member]
Operating loss carryforwards, expiration date	Jan. 01, 2021
Minimum [Member] \| California Franchise Tax Board [Member]
Operating loss carryforwards, expiration date	Jan. 01, 2029
Maximum [Member] \| U.S. Federal [Member]
Operating loss carryforwards, expiration date	Jan. 01, 2037
Maximum [Member] \| California Franchise Tax Board [Member]
Operating loss carryforwards, expiration date	Jan. 01, 2040

Income Taxes - Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Deferred tax assets:
Reserves and accruals	$ 21,823	$ 20,622
Net operating loss carryforwards	39,733	33,811
Research and development credit carryforwards	38,179	36,914
Deferred stock-based compensation	1,202	1,675
Intangibles	7,838	8,224
Operating lease liabilities	7,822	8,892
Capitalized research and development expenses	10,805	10,897
Other	442	0
Gross deferred tax assets	127,844	121,035
Valuation allowance	(99,585)	(95,518)	$ (77,144)	$ (77,756)
Gross deferred tax assets after valuation allowance	28,259	25,517
Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation	(6,399)	(1,272)
Convertible notes	(4,708)	(6,275)
Operating lease right-of-use assets	(6,529)	(7,076)
Other	0	(319)
Gross deferred tax liabilities	(17,636)	(14,942)
Net deferred tax assets	$ 10,623	$ 10,575

Income Taxes - Summary of Valuation Allowance (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Valuation Allowance [Abstract]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 95,518	$ 77,144	$ 77,756
Additions	6,690	23,929	928
Deductions	(2,623)	(5,555)	(1,540)
Balance at end of period	$ 99,585	$ 95,518	$ 77,144

Income Taxes - Activities Related to Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 17.0	$ 18.0	$ 18.8
Increase in balance related to tax positions taken during current year	0.3	0.2	1.0
Decrease in balance as a result of a lapse of the applicable statutes of limitations	0.0	(0.1)	(0.1)
Decrease in balance due to settlement with tax authorities	0.0	0.0	(1.6)
Increase in balance related to tax positions taken during prior years	0.3	0.0	0.2
Decrease in balance related to tax positions taken during prior years	0.0	(1.1)	(0.3)
Balance at end of period	$ 17.6	$ 17.0	$ 18.0

Net Loss Per Share - Anti Diluted Shares Excluded (Details) - shares
shares in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2018

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount

5,679

11,644

8,201

Convertible Notes 2020 [Member]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount

312

1,322

Convertible Notes 2022 [Member]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount

192

Stock Options [Member]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount

1,603

2,568

3,327

Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount

3,041

2,955

2,997

Stock purchase rights under the ESPP [Member]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount

531

478

609

Warrant [Member]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]

Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount

^[1]

4,321

1,268

[1]	Note 16, “Warrants,” for additional information.

Net Loss Per Share - Additional Information (Detail) shares in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020 shares
Convertible Note due 2022 [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Incremental Common Shares Attributable to Dilutive Effect of Contingently Issuable Shares	6.6
Convertible Note due 2024 [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Incremental Common Shares Attributable to Dilutive Effect of Contingently Issuable Shares	13.3

Additional shares included in the calculation of diluted EPS as a result of the potentially dilutive effect of contingently issuable shares. Contingently issuable shares are those shares that are issuable for little or no cash contingent on certain conditions being met.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Warrants Disclosure (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 17, 2019 shares	Jul. 08, 2019 USD ($) Measurement_Input	Jul. 01, 2019 USD ($) shares	Sep. 26, 2016 $ / shares shares
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights \| $ / shares							$ 4.76
Common Stock, Shares, Issued \| shares	98,204,000	91,875,000
Measurement Input, Risk Free Interest Rate [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants and Rights Outstanding, Measurement Input \| Measurement_Input					0.019
Measurement Input, Option Volatility [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants and Rights Outstanding, Measurement Input \| Measurement_Input					0.486
Measurement Input, Expected Term [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants and Rights Outstanding, Term					4 years 2 months 12 days
Measurement Input, Expected Dividend Rate [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrants and Rights Outstanding, Measurement Input \| Measurement_Input					0
Comcast Milestones Achievement [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding \| shares						1,954,042
Comcast CableOS Software License Agreement [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Fair Value of Fully Vested Warrants \| $					$ 16.1
Comcast Warrants Vested Prior to July 2019 [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Fair Value of Fully Vested Warrants \| $						$ 3.9
Comcast Warrants Vested July 2019 [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Fair Value of Fully Vested Warrants \| $						$ 20.0
Comcast Warrants Exercise in its Entirety [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Common Stock, Shares, Issued \| shares				3,217,547
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Reduction to Revenues In Connection with Amortization of the Warrant \| $	$ 1.7	$ 13.6	$ 1.2
Maximum [Member] \| Comcast Warrant Expires September 26, 2023 [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Warrant grants to Comcast subject to vesting \| shares							7,816,162

Segment Information - Narratives (Details)	12 Months Ended
Segment Information - Narratives (Details)	Dec. 31, 2020 segment country	Dec. 31, 2019 country	Dec. 31, 2018 country
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of reportable segments \| segment	2
Non-US [Member] \| Revenue Benchmark [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number Of Countries Accounting For More Than Ten Percent of Non United States Revenue \| country	0	0	0
Concentration Risk, Percentage	10.00%	10.00%	10.00%
Comcast [Member] \| Revenue Benchmark [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	10.00%	10.00%	10.00%
Comcast [Member] \| Customer Concentration Risk [Member] \| Revenue Benchmark [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	20.00%	23.00%	15.00%

Segment Information, Geographic Information And Customer Concentration Segment Information - Summary Financial Information by Reportable Segments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2018

^[1]

$ 378,831

$ 402,874

$ 403,558

194,997

223,012

209,209

Operating Segments [Member]

(12,449)

13,083

(5,011)

378,831

402,874

403,558

198,753

230,704

217,199

Operating Segments [Member] | Video [Member]

12,977

38,008

24,414

242,510

278,028

313,828

132,092

162,156

178,170

Operating Segments [Member] | Cable Access [Member]

1,326

15,837

26,170

136,321

124,846

89,730

66,661

68,548

39,029

$ 11,651

$ 22,171

$ (1,756)

[1]	Revenue is attributed to countries based on the location of the customer.

Aggregate revenue less cost of goods and services sold or operating expenses directly attributable to the revenue generation activity.

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Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.

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Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]

Segment Information - Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income to Consolidated Income Before Income Taxes (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2018

Unallocated corporate expenses

$ (207,446)

$ (209,929)

$ (214,220)

Stock-based compensation expense

(18,040)

(12,074)

(17,289)

Gain (Loss) on Extinguishment of Debt

(12,449)

13,083

(5,011)

(1,362)

(5,695)

Non-operating expense, net

(12,406)

(13,984)

(11,937)

Loss before income taxes

(26,217)

(6,596)

(16,948)

Operating Segments [Member]

Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]

Corporate, Non-Segment [Member]

12,977

38,008

24,414

Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]

Unallocated corporate expenses

^[1]

(3,416)

(4,532)

(3,769)

Stock-based compensation expense

(18,040)

(12,074)

(17,289)

Amortization

$ (3,970)

$ (8,319)

$ (8,367)

[1]

Together with amortization of intangibles and stock-based compensation, the Company does not allocate restructuring and related charges and certain other non-recurring charges to the operating income for each segment because management does not include this information in the measurement of the performance of the operating segments.

Segment Information - Summary of Revenue, Property and Equipment, Net by Geographic Region (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2018

Net revenues:

^[1]

$ 378,831

$ 402,874

$ 403,558

43,141

22,928

United States

Net revenues:

^[1]

191,854

202,272

181,965

31,017

13,301

Other countries

Net revenues:

^[1]

186,977

200,602

$ 221,593

Israel

8,803

5,919

France

All countries except United States, Israel and France [Member] [Member]

2,461

2,615

$ 860

$ 1,093

[1]	Revenue is attributed to countries based on the location of the customer.

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Non-cancelable purchase commitments	$ 49.9
Indemnification [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Accrual for indemnification provisions	0.0
Property Lease Guarantee [Member] \| Performance Guarantee [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Guarantees, Fair Value Disclosure	3.3	$ 2.7
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK N.A. [Member] \| Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Current Borrowing Capacity	0.0
Line of Credit Facility, Fair Value of Amount Outstanding	0.0
Foreign Line of Credit [Member] \| Performance Guarantee [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Long-term Line of Credit	2.0
Indemnity issued to secure credit facility	2.3
Line of Credit Facility, Fair Value of Amount Outstanding	$ 0.0	$ 0.0

Legal Proceedings - Additional Information (Detail) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Oct. 24, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 25, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 28, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Oct. 19, 2017 USD ($)	Jun. 29, 2012 Patents	Oct. 31, 2011 Patents
Avid [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Estimated Litigation Liability					$ 6.0
Payments for Legal Settlements	$ 2.5
Settled Litigation Payment Second Quarter of 2019 [Member] \| Avid [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Payments for Legal Settlements			$ 1.5
Settled Litigation Payment Third Quarter of 2020 [Member] \| Avid [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Payments for Legal Settlements		$ 2.0
Media grid [Member] \| Avid Technology Inc. [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Infringements of number of patents held \| Patents							2
Spectrum [Member] \| Avid Technology Inc. [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Infringements of number of patents held \| Patents						1
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member] \| Avid [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Litigation Settlement, Expense				$ 6.0

Label	Element	Value
Accounting Standards Update [Extensible List]	us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdateExtensibleList	us-gaap:AccountingStandardsUpdate201409Member
Accounting Standards Update [Extensible List]	us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdateExtensibleList	us-gaap:AccountingStandardsUpdate201807Member

Indicates amendment to accounting standards.

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